Effect of Biomass Smoke on Respiratory Symptoms and Lung Functions in Rural Non-Smoking Indian Women
Effect of Biomass Smoke on Respiratory Symptoms and lung functions in rural Non-smoking Indian Women
Keywords:
Biomass, lung functions, rural womenAbstract
Background: Majority of women living in rural areas use biomass fuels for production of domestic energy. Biomass fuels are an enormous source of indoor pollution when burned in closed space with no ventilation. Combustion products have deleterious effect on lung functions. Aim: To Study the effect of biomass smoke on respiratory symptoms and lung functions in rural non-smoking Indian woman. Materials and Methods: A comparative study was conducted among women visiting hospital ›18 years of age belonging to rural areas of Bareilly, to study the effect of biomass smoke on respiratory symptoms and lung functions. The study group comprised of 100 subjects who were exposed to biomass smoke and 100 aged matched subjects who were not exposed to biomass served as controls. A standardized respiratory questionnaire was administered to all subjects and pulmonary function tests were evaluated by MIR SPIROLAB 3. Results: The lung functions (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEFR) were significantly lesser in the study group, exposed to biomass fuel than the controls. Conclusion: Women cooking with biomass fuels have increased respiratory symptoms and have marked reduction in lung functions compared with those cooking with gas.[Tiwari V NJIRM 2014; 5(6) :7-10
References
2. Salvi SS, Barnes PJ. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in non smokers. Lancet 2009;374:733-743.
3. World Health Organization The World Health Report 2002: reducing risks, promoting healthy life. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization (2002).
4. Oroczo-levi M, Garcia- Aymerich J, Villar J, Ramirez-sarmiento A, Anto JM, Gea J. Wood smoke exposure and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. EurRespir J 2006;27:542-6.
5. Torres-Duque C, Maldonado D, Perez-Padilla, Ezzati M, Viegi G. Biomass fuels and respiratory diseases : a review of the evidence. Proc Am Thorac Soc.2008;5:577-90.
6. Ezzati M, Kammen DM. The health impacts of exposure to indoor airpollution from solid fuels in developing countries: knowledge, gaps, and
dataneeds. Environ Health Perspect. 2002; 110: 1057-1068.
7. Salvi S, Barnes PJ Is exposure to biomass smoke the biggest risk factor for COPD globally? Chest. 2010;138: 3-6.
8. Naeher LP, Brauer M, Lipsett M, Zelikoff JT, Simpson CD, et al.Wood smoke health effects: a review. InhalToxicol. 2007; 19: 67-106.
9. Smith K, Samet J, Romieu I, Bruce N Indoor air pollution in developing countries and acute lower respiratory infections in children. Thorax 2000;55: 518-532.
10. Rinne ST, Rodas EJ, Bender BS, Rinne ML, Simpson JM, et al. Relationship of pulmonary function among women and children to indoor air pollution from biomass use in rural Ecuador. Respir Med 2006;100: 1208-1215.
11. Fuel wood report: status report on use of fuel wood in India. MSSRF Chennai India pg4.(2012). Available on http:// www.acts.or.ke/dmdocuments/PROJECT _REPORTS/Status%20Report%20on 20use%20%of20fuel wood%20in20% India.pdf.
12. Reddy TS, Guleria R, Sinha S, Sharma SK, Pande JN Domestic cooking Fuel and lung functions in healthy non-smoking women. Indian J Chest DisAllied Sci.2004; 46: 85-90.
13. Ramana kumar AV, Parent ME, Siemiatycki J Risk of lung cancer fromresidential heating and cooking fuels in Montreal, Canada. Am J Epidemiol.2007;165:634-642.
14. Regalado J, R. Perez- Pailla, R. Sansores, J.I.P. Ramirez, M. Brauer, P. Pare, and P. Pare and S. vedal: The effect of biomass burning on respiratory symptoms and lung functions in rural Mexican women. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.,2006; 174, 901-905.
15. Kiraz K, Kart L, Demir R, Oymak S, Gulmez I, et al. Chronic pulmonary disease in rural women exposed to biomass fumes. Clin Invest Med 2003; 26: 243- 248.
16. Ekici A, Ekici M, Kurtipek E, Akin A, Arslan M, et al. Obstructiveairway diseases in women exposed to biomass smoke. Environ Res 2005; 99:93-98.
