Effect Of Smoking On Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure And Pulse Pressure In Chronic Smokers
Effect Of Smoking On BMI, BP And Pulse Pressure In Chronic Smokers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70284/njirm.v7i2.1354Keywords:
smokers, smoking load, body mass index, pulse pressureAbstract
Background and Aim: This study was conducted to depict the influence of cigarette smoking on changes in
body weight as well as changes in blood pressure. The significance of this study lies in the fact that chronic smoking
contributes to unhealthy weight. Further a comparison was done between Body mass index and Blood Pressure as
per smoking load (average number of cigarettes multiplied by average duration of smoking) in chronic smokers.
Methodology: In the present study, chronic smokers from outpatient clinic were selected randomly; subjects were
then divided into two groups as per their smoking load. Out of them 33 with smoking load less than 50,000 and 32
with smoking load more than 50,000 were selected, their BMI was calculated, SBP and DBP were recorded and pulse
pressure was derived. Based on these calculations, values were analyzed by Z test. p values of less than 0.1 was
considered significant. Results: Results showed that BMI of chronic smokers with smoking load more than 50,000 was
lower than those having smoking load less than 50,000 (p<0.05). Observations of Blood pressure revealed that the
ones having smoking load higher than 50,000 had lower systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure (p<0.1 and p<0.05
respectively) whereas values of diastolic blood pressure had no significant changes. Conclusion: There was a
significant relationship between smoking load and Body mass index as well as between smoking load and systolic
blood pressure. The study showed that smoking is independently associated with reduced BMI and reduced systolic
BP. [Nagarsheth MNJIRM2016; 7(2):41-43]
References
on body mass index: A community based study.
National J Community Medicine 2011; 2(3): 325-
330.
2. SG Wannamethee, AG Shaper, M Walker. Weight
change, body weight and mortality: the impact of
smoking and ill health. International J of
Epidemiology 2001; 30: 777-786.
3. Neal Benowitz, Dan Sharp. Inverse relation
between serum cotinine concentration and blood
pressure in cigarette smokers. Circulation J of
American Hearts Association. 2014; 80: 1309-1312.
4. Dept. of Health and Human Services: nutritional
and health examination survey, United States
1976-1980. Washington DC, US Government
Printing Office, 1981. DHSS publication no (PHS)
81-1317, Vital and Health Statistics. Series 1:
Programs and procedures, no. 69.
5. Klesges RC, Klesges LM, Meyers AW. Relationship
of smoking status, energy balance and body weight
analysis of the Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2011; 59: 899-905.
6. ASH Scotland cigarette smoking and body mass
index. 2012; 4: 10-15.
7. Young-Hwan , Talmage DA, Role LW. Nicotine
receptor mediated effects on appetite and food
intake. Journal of Neurobiology. 2002; 53(4): 618-
632.
8. Borzelleca JF, Bowman ER, Mc Kennis H. Studies on
the respiratory and cardiovascular effects of
cotinine. Journal Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002; 137:
313-318.
9. Dominiak P, Fuchs G, Grobecker H. Effects of
nicotine and its major metabolites on blood
pressure in anaesthetized rats. Klin Wochenster
1985; 63: 90-92
10. Abtahi F, Kianpour Z, Naghshzan A et al.
Correlation between cigarette smoking and blood
pressure and pulse pressure among teachers
residing in Shiraz, Southern Iran. Iranian
cardiovascular research journal 2011; 5-3.
11. Imamura H, Tanaka K, Hirae C et al. Relationship of
cigarette smoking to blood pressure and serum
lipids and lipoproteins in men. Clinical exp
pharmacol physiol. 1996; 23: 397-402.
12. Piade JJ, Hoffman D. chemical studies on tobacco
smoke. Quantitive determination of alkaloids in
tobacco by liquid chromatography. J Liquid
Chromatogr. 1980; 3:1505-1515.
13. Gonseth S et al. tobacco industry’s past role in
weight control related to smoking. European
journal of public health. 2011; 10: 1093-1097.
14. LaRowe TL, Piper ME et al. obesity and smoking,
comparing cassation treatment seekers with the
general smoking population. Obesity 2009; 17(6):
1301-1305.
