Prevalence of Various Bacterial Pathogens Causing Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) Isolated From ICU in Tertiary Care Hospital

Prevalence Of Various Bacterial Pathogens Causing Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP)

Abstract

Objective: Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common nosocomial infection diagnosed in the intensive care units (ICUs). The primary objective of the following study is to identify the various bacterial pathogens causing VAP in the ICU. Methods: Study was conducted for a periods of 9 months from January 2016 to September 2016. Endotracheal aspirate (ETA) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples of suspected cases of VAP as per CDC Criteria for VAP 2016 from ICU patients. 339 Sample were received in Bacteriology section in Microbiology Department and processed organisms were isolated and identified by standard microbiological Techniques. The isolates were then subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and results were interpreted as per CLSI Guidelines. Results: The incidence of VAP in our study was 48.16/1000 ventilator days. The incidence of VAP increased as the duration of mechanical ventilation increased and there was a correlation between clinical VAP and its laboratory conformation. Total 339 samples of ET secretion and BAL were received in Bacteriology laboratory. Most common Organism Were isolated is Klebsiella Spp. (22.71 %) and Acinetobacter Spp. (18.28%). Conclusion: The bacteriological approach for the management of VAP helps the clinicians in choosing the appropriate antibiotics. This study showed that quantitative cultures is one of the alternative diagnosis of VAP and initiation of appropriate antibiotic treatment is vital to prevention. Strict adherence to the infection control practices and antibiotic policy is necessary step in decreases the rate of VAP. [Alpesh R NJIRM 2017; 8(2):28-30]