Smoking And Periodontal Health
Smoking And Periodontal Health
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70284/njirm.v4i4.575Keywords:
Smoking, Periodontal HealthAbstract
Tobacco smoking is very common with cigarettes being the main product smoked. Most smokers start the habit as teenagers, with the highest prevalence in the 20-24 year old age group. Socioeconomic differences also exist with higher smoking in the lower socioeconomic groups. [Nanavati B et al NJIRM 2013; 4(4) : 129-134]
References
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12. Venzo teneggi : correlation and predictive performance of saliva and plasma nicotine conc on tobacco withdrawal induced carving, British journal of clinical pharmacology, October 2002Volume 54, Issue 4, pages 407–414
13. Benowitz, N.L. Pharmacological aspects of cigarette smoking and nicotine addiction. New England Journal of Medicine 1988 319, 1318-1330
14. Jarvis, M.J., Russell, M.A.H., Benowitz, N.L. & Feyerabend, C. Elimination of cotinine from body fluids: Implications for non-invasive measurement of tobacco smoke exposure. American Journal of Public Health 1988 78, 696-69815. Lockhart LP. Nicotine poisoning (letter). Br Med J 1933 1:246247
16. Grossi, S.G., Zambon, J.J., Ho, A.W. et al. Assessment of risk for periodontal disease. I. Risk indicators for attachment loss. Journal of Periodontology 1994 65, 260-267.
17. Ismail A.I., Burt, B.A. & Eklund, S.A. Epidemiologic patterns of smoking and periodontal disease in the United States. Journal of the American Dental Association 1983 106, 617-621.
18. James, J.A., Sayers, N.S., Drucker, D.B. & Hull, P.S. Effects of tobacco products on the attachment and growth of periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Journal of Periodontology 1999 70, 518- 525.
19. Persson, L., Bergstrom, J., Gustafsson, A. & Asman, B. Tobacco smoking and gingival neutrophil activity in young adults. Journal of clinical periodotology 1999 26, 9-13.
20. Mclaughlin, W.S., Lovat, F.M., Macgregor, I.D. & Kelly, P.J. The immediate effects of smoking on gingival fluid flow. Journal of clinical periodontology 1993 20, 448-451
21. Rezavandi, K., Palmer, R.M., Odell, E.W., Scott, D.A. & Wilson, R.F. Expression of E-Selectin and ICAM-1 in gingival Tissues of smokers and non-smokers with periodontitis. Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine 2001 31, 59-64.
22. Bergstrom, J. Cigarette smoking as a risk factor in chronic periodontal disease. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 1989 17, 245-247.
23. Zambon, J.J., Grossi, S.G., Machtei, E.E., Ho, A.W., Dunford, R. & Genco, R.J. Cigarette smoking increases the risk for subgingival infection with periodontal pathogens. Journal of Periodontology 1996 67, 1050-1054.
24. Van Winkelhoff. A.J., Bosch-Tijhof, C.J., Winkel, E.G. & van der Reijden, W.A. Smoking affects the subgingival microflora in periodontitis. Journal of Periodontology 2001 72, 666-671.
25. Kamma, J.J., Nakou, M. & Baehni, P.C. Clinical and microbiological characteristics of smokers with early onset periodontitis. Journal of Periodontal Research 1999 34, 25-33.
26. Haffajee, A.D. & Socransky, S.S. . Relationship of cigarette smoking to the subgingival
microbiota. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2001b 28, 377-388.
27. Barbour, S.E., Nakashima, K., Zhang, J.B. et al. Tobacco and smoking: environmental factors that modify the host response (immune system) and have an impact on periodontal health. Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine 1997 8, 437-460.
28. Barnes, P.J. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. New England Journal of Medicine 2000 343, 269-280.
29. Pabst, M.J., Pabst, K.M., Collier, J.A. et al. Inhibition of neutrophil and monocyte defensive functions by nicotine. Journal of Periodontology 1995 66, 1047-1055.
30. MacFarlane, G.D., Herzberg, M.C., Wolff, L.F. & Hardie, N.A. Refractory periodontitis associated with abnormal polymorphonuclear leukocyte phagocytosis and cigarette smoking. Journal of Periodontology 1992 63, 908-913. Machuca, G., Khoshfeiz, 0., Lacalle, J.R., Machuca, C. & Bullon, P. The influence of general health and socio-cultural variables on the periodontal condition of pregnant women. Journal of Periodontology 1999 70, 779-785.
31. Eichel, G. & Shahrik, H.A. (1969). Tobacco smoke toxicity: loss of human oral leucocyte function and fluid cell metabolism. Science 1969 166, 1424-1428.
32. Kenny, E.B, Kraal, J.H., S.R. & Jones, J. The effect of cigarette smoke on human oral polyorphonuclear leukocytes. Journal of Periodontal Research 1977 12, 227-234.
33. Loos, B.G., Roos, M.T., Schellekens, P.T., van der Velden, U. & Miedema, F. Lymphocyte numbers and function in relation to periodontitis and smoking, Journal of periodontology 2004 75, 557-564.
34. Quinn, S.M., Zhang, J.B., Gunsolley, J.C., Schenkein, H.A. & Tew, J.G. The influence of smoking and race on adult periodontitis and serum 1gG2levels. Journal of Periodontology 1998 69, 171-177.
35. Quinn, S.M., Zhang, J.B, Gunsolley, J.C., Schenkein, J.G., Influence of smoking and race on immunoglobulin G subclass concentrations in early-onset periodontitis patients . Infection and immunity 1996 64, 2500-2505.36. Burrows, B., Halonen, M., Barbee, R.A. & Lebowitz, M.D. The relationship of serum immunoglobulin E to cigarette smoking. American Review of Respiratory Disease 1981 124, 523-525
37. Bain, c.a. & moy, p.k. The association between the failure modifying factors: diabetes, puberty, pregnancy and the menopause and tobacco smoking • 193 of dental implants and cigarette smoking. International journal oral & maxillofacial implants 1993 8, 609-615.
38. Preber, H. & Bergstrom, J. The effect of non-surgical treatment on periodontal pockets in smokers and non-smokers. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 1986 13, 319-323.
39. Biddle, A., Palmer, R.M., Wilson, R.F. & Watts, T.L.P. Comparison of periodontal probing measurements in smokers and non-smokers. Journal cif Clinical Periodontology 2001 28, 806-812.
40. Raulin, L.A., McPherson, J.C., McQuade, M.J. & Hanson, B.S. The effect of nicotine on the attachment of human fibroblasts to glass and human root surfaces in vitro. Journal of Periodontology 1988 59, 318-325.
41. Bergström J, Eliasson S, Preber H. Cigarette smoking and periodontal bone loss. J Periodontol. 1991 Apr;62(4):242-6. Erratum in: J Periodontol 1991 Dec;62(12):809.
42. Minsk L, Polson AM, Weisgold A, Rose LF, Sanavi F, Baumgarten H, Listgarten MA. Outcome failures of endosseous implants from a clinical training center. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 1996 Sep;17(9):848-50, 852-4, 856 passim.
2. Glossary of periodontal terms, American academy of periodontology, 2004
3. Palmer et al 2005 Mechanisms of action of environmental factors – tobacco smoking. J Clin Periodontol. 2005;32 Suppl 6:180-95
4. Tomar SL, Asma S . Smoking-attributable periodontitis in the United States: findings from NHANES III. National Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey. J Periodontol 2000 71:743–751.
5. Labriola et al. 2005, Bergstrom 2006, Heasman et al. 2006
6. Bergstrom et al. 2000, Brothwell 2001, Johnson & Hill 2004, Preshaw et al. 2005, Thomson et al. 2007). Journal of Periodontology August 2000, Vol. 71, No. 8, Pages 1338-1347
7. Benowitz Pharmacology of nicotine: addiction and therapeutics. Annual Reviews in Pharmacology Toxicology 1996 36, 597-613
8. Benowitz Health and public policy implications of the low yield cigarette. New England Journal of Medicine 1989 320, 1619-1621
9. Scott, D.A., Palmer, R.M. & Stapleton, J.A.. Validation of smoking status in clinical research into inflammatory periodontal disease: a review. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2001 28, 712-722.
10. Wall, M.A., Johnson, J., Jacob, P. & Benowitz, NL. Cotinine in the serum, saliva and urine of nonsmokers, passive smokers and active smokers. American journal of Public Health 1988 78, 699-701.
11. Jarvis, M.J., Russell, M.A.H., Benowitz, N.L. & Feyerabend, C. Elimination of cotinine from body fluids: Implications for non-invasive measurement of tobacco smoke exposure. American Journal of Public Health 1988 78, 696-698.
12. Venzo teneggi : correlation and predictive performance of saliva and plasma nicotine conc on tobacco withdrawal induced carving, British journal of clinical pharmacology, October 2002Volume 54, Issue 4, pages 407–414
13. Benowitz, N.L. Pharmacological aspects of cigarette smoking and nicotine addiction. New England Journal of Medicine 1988 319, 1318-1330
14. Jarvis, M.J., Russell, M.A.H., Benowitz, N.L. & Feyerabend, C. Elimination of cotinine from body fluids: Implications for non-invasive measurement of tobacco smoke exposure. American Journal of Public Health 1988 78, 696-69815. Lockhart LP. Nicotine poisoning (letter). Br Med J 1933 1:246247
16. Grossi, S.G., Zambon, J.J., Ho, A.W. et al. Assessment of risk for periodontal disease. I. Risk indicators for attachment loss. Journal of Periodontology 1994 65, 260-267.
17. Ismail A.I., Burt, B.A. & Eklund, S.A. Epidemiologic patterns of smoking and periodontal disease in the United States. Journal of the American Dental Association 1983 106, 617-621.
18. James, J.A., Sayers, N.S., Drucker, D.B. & Hull, P.S. Effects of tobacco products on the attachment and growth of periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Journal of Periodontology 1999 70, 518- 525.
19. Persson, L., Bergstrom, J., Gustafsson, A. & Asman, B. Tobacco smoking and gingival neutrophil activity in young adults. Journal of clinical periodotology 1999 26, 9-13.
20. Mclaughlin, W.S., Lovat, F.M., Macgregor, I.D. & Kelly, P.J. The immediate effects of smoking on gingival fluid flow. Journal of clinical periodontology 1993 20, 448-451
21. Rezavandi, K., Palmer, R.M., Odell, E.W., Scott, D.A. & Wilson, R.F. Expression of E-Selectin and ICAM-1 in gingival Tissues of smokers and non-smokers with periodontitis. Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine 2001 31, 59-64.
22. Bergstrom, J. Cigarette smoking as a risk factor in chronic periodontal disease. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 1989 17, 245-247.
23. Zambon, J.J., Grossi, S.G., Machtei, E.E., Ho, A.W., Dunford, R. & Genco, R.J. Cigarette smoking increases the risk for subgingival infection with periodontal pathogens. Journal of Periodontology 1996 67, 1050-1054.
24. Van Winkelhoff. A.J., Bosch-Tijhof, C.J., Winkel, E.G. & van der Reijden, W.A. Smoking affects the subgingival microflora in periodontitis. Journal of Periodontology 2001 72, 666-671.
25. Kamma, J.J., Nakou, M. & Baehni, P.C. Clinical and microbiological characteristics of smokers with early onset periodontitis. Journal of Periodontal Research 1999 34, 25-33.
26. Haffajee, A.D. & Socransky, S.S. . Relationship of cigarette smoking to the subgingival
microbiota. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2001b 28, 377-388.
27. Barbour, S.E., Nakashima, K., Zhang, J.B. et al. Tobacco and smoking: environmental factors that modify the host response (immune system) and have an impact on periodontal health. Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine 1997 8, 437-460.
28. Barnes, P.J. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. New England Journal of Medicine 2000 343, 269-280.
29. Pabst, M.J., Pabst, K.M., Collier, J.A. et al. Inhibition of neutrophil and monocyte defensive functions by nicotine. Journal of Periodontology 1995 66, 1047-1055.
30. MacFarlane, G.D., Herzberg, M.C., Wolff, L.F. & Hardie, N.A. Refractory periodontitis associated with abnormal polymorphonuclear leukocyte phagocytosis and cigarette smoking. Journal of Periodontology 1992 63, 908-913. Machuca, G., Khoshfeiz, 0., Lacalle, J.R., Machuca, C. & Bullon, P. The influence of general health and socio-cultural variables on the periodontal condition of pregnant women. Journal of Periodontology 1999 70, 779-785.
31. Eichel, G. & Shahrik, H.A. (1969). Tobacco smoke toxicity: loss of human oral leucocyte function and fluid cell metabolism. Science 1969 166, 1424-1428.
32. Kenny, E.B, Kraal, J.H., S.R. & Jones, J. The effect of cigarette smoke on human oral polyorphonuclear leukocytes. Journal of Periodontal Research 1977 12, 227-234.
33. Loos, B.G., Roos, M.T., Schellekens, P.T., van der Velden, U. & Miedema, F. Lymphocyte numbers and function in relation to periodontitis and smoking, Journal of periodontology 2004 75, 557-564.
34. Quinn, S.M., Zhang, J.B., Gunsolley, J.C., Schenkein, H.A. & Tew, J.G. The influence of smoking and race on adult periodontitis and serum 1gG2levels. Journal of Periodontology 1998 69, 171-177.
35. Quinn, S.M., Zhang, J.B, Gunsolley, J.C., Schenkein, J.G., Influence of smoking and race on immunoglobulin G subclass concentrations in early-onset periodontitis patients . Infection and immunity 1996 64, 2500-2505.36. Burrows, B., Halonen, M., Barbee, R.A. & Lebowitz, M.D. The relationship of serum immunoglobulin E to cigarette smoking. American Review of Respiratory Disease 1981 124, 523-525
37. Bain, c.a. & moy, p.k. The association between the failure modifying factors: diabetes, puberty, pregnancy and the menopause and tobacco smoking • 193 of dental implants and cigarette smoking. International journal oral & maxillofacial implants 1993 8, 609-615.
38. Preber, H. & Bergstrom, J. The effect of non-surgical treatment on periodontal pockets in smokers and non-smokers. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 1986 13, 319-323.
39. Biddle, A., Palmer, R.M., Wilson, R.F. & Watts, T.L.P. Comparison of periodontal probing measurements in smokers and non-smokers. Journal cif Clinical Periodontology 2001 28, 806-812.
40. Raulin, L.A., McPherson, J.C., McQuade, M.J. & Hanson, B.S. The effect of nicotine on the attachment of human fibroblasts to glass and human root surfaces in vitro. Journal of Periodontology 1988 59, 318-325.
41. Bergström J, Eliasson S, Preber H. Cigarette smoking and periodontal bone loss. J Periodontol. 1991 Apr;62(4):242-6. Erratum in: J Periodontol 1991 Dec;62(12):809.
42. Minsk L, Polson AM, Weisgold A, Rose LF, Sanavi F, Baumgarten H, Listgarten MA. Outcome failures of endosseous implants from a clinical training center. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 1996 Sep;17(9):848-50, 852-4, 856 passim.
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Published
2017-12-28
How to Cite
Gadhvi, D. S., Patel, D. V., Panchal, D. A., Mehta, D. H., & Nanavati, D. B. (2017). Smoking And Periodontal Health: Smoking And Periodontal Health. National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine, 4(4), 129–134. https://doi.org/10.70284/njirm.v4i4.575
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