Prevalence Of Drug Resistance In Gram Negative Isolates In A Tertiary Care Hospital Of North Zone, India

Prevalence Of Drug Resistance In Gram Negative Isolates

Abstract

Background: The rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance in Gram negative bacteria is becoming a serious threat to management of infectious diseases. Patients with antibiotic resistant gram negative infections are going to have increased morbidity and mortality. Beta-lactamases are a family of enzymes involved in bacterial resistance to antibiotics. This study is planned to see antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Gram negative isolates along with prevalence of ESBL, AmpC β-lactamase and Carbapenemase producers. Methods: A prospective study conducted over a period of two months in Microbiology Department. All samples (sputum, endotracheal secretions, bronchoalveolar lavage, urine, pus, blood, body fluids etc.) were included. Results: A total of 612 Gram negative isolates were studied. Respiratory, pus and blood samples: Klebsiella, Proteus was minimally sensitive to drugs like cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, quionolones and monobactams. E.coli (7.9%), Acinetobacter (63.8%), Klebsiella (51.7%) are confirmed ESBL, carbapenemase and AmpC β lactamases producers respectively. Urine samples: were least sensitive to drugs like beta lactams, beta lactamase inhibitors, cephalosporins, aminiglycosides. Enterobacter (83.3%), Pseudomonas (77.8%), Klebsiella (21.9% ) are confirmed ESBL, carbapenemases and AmpC β lactamases producers respectively. Interpretation & Conclusion: The increase in prevalence of β lactamase producing isolates is indicating increasing trend of isolates acquiring resistance mechanisms and narrowing down treatment options available for empiric therapy against infections.[Mahajan A Natl J Integr Res Med, 2020; 11(5):11-16]