Effect of Extraction Versus Non-extraction Orthodontic Treatment on Anterior Facial Height in Class II division 1 Malocclusion
Extraction Versus Non-extraction Orthodontic Treatment
Keywords:
Extraction Versus non-extraction treatment, Anterior Facial Height changes, Cl-II div1 malocclussionAbstract
Background: Extraction of all 1st premolars in the orthodontic treatment of Class II div 1 malocclusion has been associated with a decrease in vertical dimension of occlusion thus predisposing the patient to TMJ disorders. Objectives: To evaluate the vertical changes occurring in patients having class II div 1 malocclusion, treated orthodontically with 1st premolar extractions & compare these changes with those occurring in patients treated orthodontically without extractions. Method: Pre-treatment & Post-treatment Lateral Cephalogram radiograph of 11 patients having CL-II div1 malocclusion treated without extraction and 16 patients treated with the extraction of all 1st premolars were analyzed and compared to observe the changes in the anterior facial height. Result: the orthodontic treatment of Cl-II div 1 malocclusion cases treated with a non-extraction approach leads to a statistically significant increase in the anterior facial height due to the downward & backward rotation of the mandible. The cases treated with the extraction of all 1st premolars also show the statically significant increase in the anterior facial height but this increase was less than that observed for the non-extraction group. Conclusion: this study does not support the theory that the first premolar extractions reduce the vertical dimension of occlusion and predispose the extraction patients to TMJ disorders.
References
2. Levy P. H : Clinical Implications Of Mandibular Repositioning And The Concept Of Alterable Centric Relation. Int.J.Orthod. 1979; 17: 6-25.
3. Tulley W.J: Role Of Extraction In Orthodontic Treatment.Br. Dent.J.1959;107:199-205.
4. Witzig J.W,Spahl T.J: The Clinical Management Of Basic Maxillofacial Orthopedic Appliance. Littleton, Massochusetts : Psg Publications.1987;1:161-216.
5. Wyatt N.E: Preventing Adverse Effects On The Temporomandibular Joint Through Orthodontic Treatment:Am.J.Orthod.1987;91:493-499.
6. Hagg Urban: Maturation Indicators And The Pubertal Growth Spur. Am.J.Orthod.April-1982;82:299-309.
7. Schudy F.F: Vertical Growth Vis Antero-Posterior Growth As Related To Function And Treatment. The Angle Orthod.April - 1964;34:75-93.
8. Sassouni V, Nanda S: Analysis Of Dentofacial Vertical Proportions.Am.J.Orthod:1964;50:801-823.
9. Ricketts R.M: Facial And Denture Changes During Orthodontic Treatment As Analyzed From The Tmj. Am.J.Orthod;Nov.1952;163-179.
10. Silverstein A:Changes In The Bony Facial Profile Coincident With Treatment Of Class Ii Division 1 (Angle) Malocclusion. The Angle Orthod; Oct.1954;24:215-237.
11. Schudy F.F: The Rotation Of The Mandible Resulting From Growth: Its Implication In Orthodontic Treatment. The Angle Orthod; Jan.1965;35:36-50.
12. Cross J.J: Facial Growth: Before, During And Following Orthodontic Treatment. Am.J.Orthod.1977;71:68-78.
13. O’reilly: Treatment And Post-Treatment Changes With Begg's Appliance. Am.J.Orthod.May-1979;75:535-547.
14. Gianelly A.A, Arena S.A, Bernstein L: A Comparison Of Class Ii Treatment Changes Noted With The Light Wire, Edgewise And Frankel Appliances. Am.J.Orthod: April-1984;86:269-276.
15. Yamaguchi K, Nanda R.S: The Effects Of Extraction And Non Extraction Treatment On The Mandibular Position. Am.J.Orthod: May-1991;100:443-452.
16. Parker L: A Consideration Of Pure Begg Treatment. The Angle Orthod.1969;39:1-7.
17. Cusimano C, Mc Laughlin R.P, Zernik J.H: Effect Of First Bicuspid Extraction On Facial Height In High Angle Cases. J. Ct. Orthod; Nov.1993; 594-602.
18. Prince L: Comparison Of Treatment Reaction In High And Low Angle Cases. Unpublished.
19. Chua A.L, Lim J.Y.S, Lubit E.C: The Effect Of Extraction Versus Nonextraction Orthodontic Treatment On The Growth Of The Lower Anterior Facial Height. Am.J.Orthod; Oct.1993;104:361-368.20. Stromboni Y: Facial Aesthetics In Orthodontic Treatment With And Without Extractions. Eur.J.Orthod;1979;201-206.
21. Drobocky O.B, Smith R.J: Changes In Facial Profile During Orthodontic Treatment With Extraction Of Four First Premolars. Am.J.Orthod;March-1989;95:220-230.
22. Mair A: Mandibular Growth Direction With Conventional Class Ii Nonextraction Treatment. Am.J.Orthod;Sep.1991;100:295-299.
23. Schudy F.F: The Association Of Anatomical Entities As Applied To Clinical Orthodontics. The Angle Orthod;1966;36: 190-213.
24. Creekmore T.D:Inhibition Or Stimulation Of The Vertical Growth Of The Facial Complex, Its Significance To Treatment. The Angle Orthod; Oct.1967;37:285-297.
25. Park S, Kudlick E, Abrahamian A: Vertical Dimensional Changes Of The Lips Following Four First Premolar Extractions In The North-American Blacks. Am.J.Orthod;March-1989;95:270-274.
26. Staggers J.A: A Comparison Of Results Of Second Molar And First Premolar Extraction Treatment. Am.J.Orthod: 1990: 98: 430-436.
27. Staggers J.A: Vertical Changes Following First Premolar Extractions.Am.J.Orthod;Jan-1994: 105: 19-24.
28. Tae-Kyung Kim, Dds, Msd; Jong-Tae Kim, Dds, Msd, Phd; James Mah, Dds, Msc, Dmsc; Won-Sik Yang, Dds, Msd, Phd; Seung-Hak Baek, Dds, Msd, Phd: First Or Second Premolar Extraction Effects On Facial Vertical Dimension. Angle Orthod 2005: 75 :177–182.
29. Kumari, M., Fida, M. (2010). Vertical Facial And Dental Arch Dimensional Changes In Extraction Vs. Non-Extraction Orthodontic Treatment. Journal Of The College Of Physicians And Surgeons Pakistan, 20(1), 17-21.
30. Sivakumar A, Valiathan A. Cephalometric Assessment Of Dentofacial Vertical Changes In Class I Subjects With And Without Extraction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2008: 133: 869-75.
