A Study On Rural & Urban Differences In Tobacco Use And Its Socio-Demographic Determinants In District Dehradun
Rural & Urban Differences In Tobacco Use
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70284/njirm.v5i1.2283Keywords:
Tobacco, Prevalence, Multistage Stratified Random Sampling, Kish MethodAbstract
Background: Today, tobacco use causes 1 in 10 deaths among adults worldwide – more than five million people a year. By 2030, unless urgent action is taken, tobacco’s annual death toll will rise to more than eight million. Material & method: A community based cross sectional study was undertaken in district Dehradun. Multistage stratified random sampling was done for selection of study area. A sample of 632 was taken for study purpose. Kish method was used for selection of respondents in selected household. Statistical analysis: Chi-square test, Mantel Haenszel Odds Ratio and Multi Variate Logistic Regression Analysis was done to develop results. Significant level was assumed at p<0.05. Results: The overall prevalence of ever use of tobacco was 24.4%. It was more (32.9%) in rural area as compare to urban area (15.8%). Tobacco use was directly proportional to age, more prevalent in Muslims and was indirectly proportional to education & socioeconomic status. Conclusion: Legislation pertaining to tobacco and alcohol sale and use does exist. However its strict enforcement is required in order to reduce the menace.
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2. Peto R et al. Mortality from smoking worldwide. BritishMedical Bulletin, 1996, 52(1):12–21.
3. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The healthconsequences of smoking: a report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 2004(http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/sgr_2004/chapters.htm, accessed 5 December 2007).
4. Peto R et al. Mortality from tobacco in developed countries:indirect estimation from national vital statistics. Lancet,1992, 339(8804):1268–1278.
5. Murray CJL, Lopez AD. Alternative projections of mortalityand disability by cause 1990-2020: Global burden of disease study. Lancet, 1997, 349(9064):1498-1504.
6. Kumar S. India steps up anti-tobacco measures. Lancet 2000;356:1089.
7. Tobacco or health: a global status report. Geneva: World Health Organization;1997
8. Reddy SK. Report on tobacco control in India. New Delhi: MoHFW, GOI, 2004.
9. WHO. Non-communicable diseases in South-East Asia Region, Situation and Response. 2011.
10. Lisley Kish: A procedure for objective respondent selection within the household. Am Stat Assoc Journal, 1949; 44: 380-387.
11. WHO STEPS surveillance manual: The WHO STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factorsurveillance.http://who.int/chp/steps Geneva: World Health Organization; 2005.
12. Chaudhary. KC. Prevalence of tobacco use in Karnataka and Uttarpradesh. New Delhi: ICMR, 2001.13. Mehan MB. Risk factor profile of non-communicable diseases among middle income (18-65 years) free-living urban population of India. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries. 2006;26(4):169-76.
14. International Institute for Population Sciences. Macro International: National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3) India, 2005-06. Mumbai: IIPS: 2007.
15. World Health Organization. World Health Survey. 2003, India. Mumbai:IIPS,2006.
16. IDSP. Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors Survey, Uttarakhand, 2007-08. New Delhi, India.
17. Gupta V, Yadav K, Anand K. Patterns of tobacco use across rural, urban, and urban-slum populations in a north Indian community. Indian J Community Med. 2010;35(2):245-51. Epub 2010/10/06.
18. DV Bala INB, DD Patel, PM Shah. Epidemiological Determinants of Tobacco Use in Gujrat State, India. Indian Journal of Community Medicine. 2006;31(3):173.
19. Krishnan A, Shah B, Lal V, Shukla DK, Paul E, Kapoor SK. Prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable disease in a rural area of Faridabad district of Haryana. Indian J Public Health. 2008;52(3):117-24. Epub 2009/02/05.
20. Sugathan TN, Soman CR, Sankaranarayanan K. Behavioural risk factors for non communicable diseases among adults in Kerala, India. Indian J Med Res. 2008;127(6):555-63. Epub 2008/09/04.
21. Subramanian SV, Nandy S, Kelly M, Gordon D, Davey Smith G. Patterns and distribution of tobacco consumption in India: cross sectional multilevel evidence from the 1998-9 national family health survey. BMJ. 2004;328(7443):801-6. Epub 2004/04/09.
22. Sorensen G, Gupta PC, Pednekar MS. Social disparities in tobacco use in Mumbai, India: the roles of occupation, education, and gender. Am J Public Health. 2005;95(6):1003-8. Epub 2005/05/26.
23. Gupta PC. Survey of sociodemographic characteristics of tobacco use among 99,598 individuals in Bombay, India using handheld computers. Tobacco Control. 1996;5(2):114-20.
24. Rooban T, Joshua E, Rao UK, Ranganathan K. Prevalence and correlates of tobacco use among urban adult men in India: A comparison of slum dwellers vs non-slum dwellers. Indian J Dent Res. 2012;23(1):31-8. Epub 2012/07/31.
25. Gupta R. Smoking, educational status and health inequity in India. Indian J Med Res. 2006;124(1):15-22. Epub 2006/08/24.
26. Medhi GK, Hazarika NC, Mahanta J. Correlates of alcohol consumption and tobacco use among tea industry workers of Assam. Subst Use Misuse. 2006;41(5):691-706. Epub 2006/04/11.
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Published
2014-02-28
How to Cite
Shikha, D. D., Semwal, J., Srivastava, A., Singh, M., & Kandpal, S. (2014). A Study On Rural & Urban Differences In Tobacco Use And Its Socio-Demographic Determinants In District Dehradun: Rural & Urban Differences In Tobacco Use. National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine, 5(1), 73–78. https://doi.org/10.70284/njirm.v5i1.2283
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