To Compare The Effects Of Marble And Stone Dust On Lung Volumes And Capacity
Effects Of Marble And Stone Dust On Lung Volumes And Capacity
Keywords:
Anti Industrial dust exposure, marble cutters, stone cutters Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT)Abstract
Background and objectives: Occupational pulmonary diseases are more widespread and more
disabling than any other group of occupational disease in form of pneumoconiosis, silicosis, byssinosis,
farmerslung, asbestosis, asthma, allergic alveolitis. Early recognition of disturbed lung functions will be of great
clinical, social and preventive importance in industry workers who constantly exposed to air borne pollution.
So the present study was conducted to determine the effect of marble and stone dust on marble cutters and
stone cutters. Methods: Thirty subjects were marble cutters and thirty were stone cutters . The pulmonary
function tests viz forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1st second (FEV1), peak expiratory
volume(PEFR) and maximum ventilatory volume (MVV) were carried out with the help of compurterised
medspiror. The data were collected, and conclusions were drawn on the basis of appropriate statistical
analysis.Results and interpretation: The results were compared with students `t` test which showed a
significant reduction in pulmonary function tests due to marble dust and stone dust. The decrease in FVC and
MVV indicates a restrictive impairement whereas decrease in (FEV1), (FEF25-75), (PEFR) indicates an
obstructive impairment. Conclusion: The observed changes in pulmonary function tests could be due to
mechanical irritation caused by exposed dust and individual’s susceptibility to silica dust. The pulmonary
function tests are more decreased in marble cutters as compared to stone cutters which may be due to longer
duration of exposure suggesting an urgent need to improve dust control measures and health status of marble
as well as stone cutters.
References
26
hazardous effects of different dusts in industrial
occupations so as to provide a healthy
environment for the workers.
Conclusion: The study shows a significant to highly
significant decrease in lung parameters in workers
of marble cutters and stone cutters when exposed
to air pollutants in the form of silica dust resulting
into pulmonary dysfunction. The difference is
statistically significant indicating that the air
pollution at work site accelerated decline in lung
functions.
So appropriate exposure measures are to be taken
to minimize the effect of silica dust in these
workers.
Acknowledgement: I am thankful to all those who
helped me to carry out the study.
References:
1. Abdullah AK, Singh HK& Vishwanathan R.
Ventilatory functions in workers of Dhanbad
area Indian Journal Chest Diseases and Allied
Sciences 1973 ;15:142-150.
2. Alhuwalia SK. Byssinosis among cotton mill
workers in Delhi Indian Journalof Preventive.
Social Medicine 1980; 11:155-162.
3. Bates D, Macklem PT & Christie RV (1971).
Respiratory function in, 2nd Edition, W.B.
Saunders company, Philadelphia.
4. Boyd W .Text book of Pathology. Henley K.
London.1977
5. Berry G, Mckerrow CB, Molyneux MKB,
Rossiter C.E. & Tombelson J.B.L. A study of
acute and chronic changes in Lancashire
cotton mills. British Journal.Industrial
Medicine 1973;30: 25-36.
6. Bhargava RP, Misra SM & Gupta NK
.Ventilatory tests and lung volumes studied in
Madhya Pradesh physiological norms Indian.
Journal. Physiology and. Pharmacology
1973;17: 266-272.
7. Alhuwalia SK. Byssinosis among cotton mill
workers in Delhi Indian Journalof Preventive.
Social Medicine 1980; 11:155-162.
8. Bates D, Macklem PT & Christie RV (1971).
Respiratory function in, 2nd Edition, W.B.
Saunders company, Philadelphia.
9. Bouhuys A., Gilson J.C.& Schiling RSF.
Byssinosis in textile industry. Archives
Environmental Health .1970; 21: 475- 478.
10. Gupta K.C.,Kulkarni P.S.Byssinosis in textile
industry of Ahmedabad Indian. Journal Chest
Diseases. & Allied Sciences.1963; 5 :135-140
11. Hankinson J.L., Roger R B . Maximal
respiratory flows in coal miners. American
Review Respiratory Diseases.1977; 116: 175-
180.
12. Hessel PA, Sluis Cremer GK, Hnizdo E, Faure
MH, Thomas RG, Wiles FJ. Progression of
silicosis in Relation to silica dust exposure.
Ann Occup. Hyg.,1988; 32 (Suppl1): 689–696
13. Bhat Ramesh, M Ramaswamy.A comparative
study of lung functions in rice mill ans saw mill
workers. Indian.
JournalofPhysiology&Pharmacology.1991;
35(1) : 27-30.
14. Bose S, Roohi F and Agarwal B Lung function
tests and immunoglobulin E in Dal mill
workers. Indian Journal of Physiology and
Allied Sciences.1997; 51(3): 101-108.
15. Corey P, Hutcheon M, Broader I and Mintz
SGrain elevator workers show work related
Pulmonary function changes and dose effect
relationships with dust exposure. British.
Journal Industrial Medicine. 1982; 39: 330-
337.
16. Cotes J.E. Lung Function Assesment &
Application in Medicine. 4th Edition Oxford
Blackwell.1979.
17. Corey P, Hutcheon M, Broder I and Mintz
S.Grain elevator workers show work related
pulmonary function changes and dose effect
relationships with dust exposure. British.
Journal Industrial Medicine 1982;9: 330-337.
18. Damodar D, Agarwal, Sharma PNChanges in
ventilator capacities due to talc dust Indian.
Journal Chest Diseases. & Allied
Sciences.1983; 25: 21-24.
19. De Clerk N. Silica compensated silicosis and
lung cancer in Western Australian goldmines.
Occupational and environmental medicine,
1998; 55(4):243–8.
20. Do Pico, G A, Reddan W, Flaherty D, Tsiatis A,
Peters M E Rao P and Rankin J .Respiratory
abnormalities among grain handlers. A clinicaPhysiological and immunological study.
American Review Respiratory Diseases.1977;
115: 915-927.
21. DosmanJ.A.,GrahamB.L.,CottonD.J. Chronic
Bronchitis and exposure to cereal grain dust.
American Review Respiratory Diseases
1979;120:477-482.
22. Duke,W.W. Wheat hairs and decreased forced
expiratory flow rates in life time non smoking
grain workers. American Review Respiratory
Diseases;1980;121:11-16.
23. Elkarim,Mohammed A. AwoaQ. Mohammed
et al.Respiratory and allergic disorders in
workers exposed to grain and flour dusts.
Archvies Environmental Healthl .1986;41: 297-
301.
24. Gupta S.P. Bajaj A.,BhagwanS. Simple lung
function studies in silicosis amongst stone
cutters. Indian. Journal of. Chest Diseases. &
Allied Sciences.1963; 18 :73-82.
25. Guillermo A., Do Pico William R
eddan,AnastasiosTsiatis,Mary Ellen Peters and
John Rankin .Epidemiologic study of clinical
and physiological parameters in grain
handlers northern united states. American
Review Respiratory Diseases.1984. 125: 759-
765
26. Hankinson J.L., Roger R B and MorganW.K.C.
Maximal respiratory flows in coal miners.
American Review Respiratory Diseases.1977;
116: 175-180.
27. Kapoor Raj, Mahajan K K and Marya.Ventilator
and diffusion studies in smoker and non
smoker, flour mill workers. Indian. Journal of.
Physiology and. Pharmacology .1989; 33(1) :
211-215.
28. Keith W, Morgan C, Anthony Ceaton.
Occupational Lung disease 2nd Edition.1984.
29. . ATS (American Thoracic Society). Adverse
effects of crystalline silica exposure. Am. J.
Respir. Crit. Care Med., 1997; 155:761–768.
30. Mathur M.l.,Dixit.A.K.and Narayana correlates
of peak expiratory flow rate:A study of sand
stone quarry workers in desert. Indian.
Journal of. Physiology and. Pharmacology:
1995; 40(4) : 340-344.
31. Mcdermott C.M., GilsonJ.C. and Schilling
R.SF.A pilot enquiry in two cotton mills in
United States Journal of American and
Medical Association.1961; 177:850-853.
32. Mcdermott C.M., GilsonJ.C. and Schilling
R.SF.Respiratory function during day in cotton
workers. British. Journal of Industrial
Medicine1985; 5 :75-83.
33. McCarthy P.e.cockeroft A.E., Mcdermontt
.Lung function after exposure to barely dust
Brtishi.Journal of Industrial Medicine1985; 42:
106-110.
34. Merchant J.A.Kilburn K.H.O Fallon
W.M.,Lumsden J.C.Bysinossis and chronic
bronchitis among cotton textile
workers.Annals. Internal Medicine.1972; 72:
423-433.
35. Mohan N. Rao., Kashyap S.K.,Kulkarni P.K.,
Saiyed H.N., Purohit A.K.and Patel B.D.
Pulmonary function studies in 15-18 years of
age workers exposed to dust in industry.
Indian Journal Physiology.
Pharmacology.1992; 36: 51-54.
36. Narasihma Rao V.L. and Tandon H.C. A study
of dynamic lung functions in textile workers .
Indian. Journal. Physiology&. Pharmacology
;1979 23: 342-346.
37. Pump K.K.Studies in silicosis of human lung
diseases .1998;Chest 53: 237-246.
38. RaghavanP., Nagendra A.S.,Thaker
P.V.Byssinosis and lung capacities in textile
workers in Bombay Indian.Journa. Chest
Diseases.1964; 6:38-47.
39. Rastogi S.K., Gupta B.n., Srivastav A.K.,
Mathur N. and Hussain Tanveer .A respiratory
function in glass bangle workers . Indian.
Journal. Chest Diseases. & Allied
Science.1988;30 :5-10.
40. Rastogi S.K, Mathur N., ClerkS.H. Ventilatory
norms in healthy industrial male workers.
Indian. Journaof. Chest Diseases. & Allied
Science1983;s. 5 :185-195.
41. Raymond DH. Hamilton & Hardys industrial
toxicology. Philadelphia, Mosby,
42. R.K.,Yousuf M., allakaband G.Q., Kaul
S.NSilicosis in stone cutters in Kashmir.
Journal. Indian. Medical Association 1984;82
198-20.
43. Schilling R.S.F.Byssinosis in cotton and other
textile workers. Lancet .1956;261- 26544. Singh S.H.,Gandhi A., Rai U.C.A study of lung
function abnormalities in workers of cotton
spinning shops. Indian. Journal. Physiology&.
Pharmacology .1979; 23: 342-346.
45. Singh S.K.,Nishith S.D., Tandon G.S.,Shukla
N.Some observation in pulmonary function
tests in rice mill workers. Indian. Journal.
Physiology&. Pharmacology .1988; 32:152-
157
46. Sindhu m.S., Kedar Nath., Mehrotra
R.K.Byssinosis amongst cotton and jute
workers in Kanpur. Indian . Journal.
Medical.Research. 1966;54:980
47. Talini D et al. Chest radiography and high
resolution computed tomography in the
evaluation of workers exposed to silica dust
relation with functional findings. Occupational
and environmentalmedicine, 1995 ;52(4):262–
7.
48. Tiwari Raj NarayanR, ZodPey, Sanjay
Deshpande, Sanjay g and Vasudeo Nayantara
D.Peak expiratory flow rates in handloom
weavers. Indian. Journal. Physiology&.
Pharmacology .1998; 42(2) 266-270.
49. Tse K.S., warren P., Janusz M., McCarthy D.S.
and Cherniak R.M.Respiratory abnormalities
in workers exposed to grain dust. Archvies
Environmental Health .1973; 27: 74-77.
50. Valic F., Beitic D., and Butkovic D .Respiratory
response to tobacco dust exposure ; .
American Review Respiratory Diseases
.1976;113:751-755.
51. Valic F.,Zuskin E., Byssinosis .A follow up study
of workers exposed to fine grade cotton dust.
Thorax. 1972; 27: 459- 462
52. Warren D.A., Harrison B.D.W., Fawcetti.W.,
Mohammed Y., Pope H.M.,Watkins
B.J.Silicosis among grindstone cutters in North
Nigeria. Thorax.1970; 30: 389- 398.
53. Zuskin E., Valic F. Respiratory response in
simultaneous exposure to flax and hemp
dust. British. Journa.Industrial.Medicine.1973;
30:375-380
54. Zuskin E.and Skuric ZdenkaRespiratory
function in tea workers. British.
Journa.Industrial.Medicine.1984; 41:375-380.
55. Zuhair Y.S., Whitaker C.J., and Cinkotai
F.F.Ventilatory function in workers exposed to
tea and wood dust. British. Journal .Industrial .
Medicine1981; 38:339-345.
hazardous effects of different dusts in industrial
occupations so as to provide a healthy
environment for the workers.
Conclusion: The study shows a significant to highly
significant decrease in lung parameters in workers
of marble cutters and stone cutters when exposed
to air pollutants in the form of silica dust resulting
into pulmonary dysfunction. The difference is
statistically significant indicating that the air
pollution at work site accelerated decline in lung
functions.
So appropriate exposure measures are to be taken
to minimize the effect of silica dust in these
workers.
Acknowledgement: I am thankful to all those who
helped me to carry out the study.
References:
1. Abdullah AK, Singh HK& Vishwanathan R.
Ventilatory functions in workers of Dhanbad
area Indian Journal Chest Diseases and Allied
Sciences 1973 ;15:142-150.
2. Alhuwalia SK. Byssinosis among cotton mill
workers in Delhi Indian Journalof Preventive.
Social Medicine 1980; 11:155-162.
3. Bates D, Macklem PT & Christie RV (1971).
Respiratory function in, 2nd Edition, W.B.
Saunders company, Philadelphia.
4. Boyd W .Text book of Pathology. Henley K.
London.1977
5. Berry G, Mckerrow CB, Molyneux MKB,
Rossiter C.E. & Tombelson J.B.L. A study of
acute and chronic changes in Lancashire
cotton mills. British Journal.Industrial
Medicine 1973;30: 25-36.
6. Bhargava RP, Misra SM & Gupta NK
.Ventilatory tests and lung volumes studied in
Madhya Pradesh physiological norms Indian.
Journal. Physiology and. Pharmacology
1973;17: 266-272.
7. Alhuwalia SK. Byssinosis among cotton mill
workers in Delhi Indian Journalof Preventive.
Social Medicine 1980; 11:155-162.
8. Bates D, Macklem PT & Christie RV (1971).
Respiratory function in, 2nd Edition, W.B.
Saunders company, Philadelphia.
9. Bouhuys A., Gilson J.C.& Schiling RSF.
Byssinosis in textile industry. Archives
Environmental Health .1970; 21: 475- 478.
10. Gupta K.C.,Kulkarni P.S.Byssinosis in textile
industry of Ahmedabad Indian. Journal Chest
Diseases. & Allied Sciences.1963; 5 :135-140
11. Hankinson J.L., Roger R B . Maximal
respiratory flows in coal miners. American
Review Respiratory Diseases.1977; 116: 175-
180.
12. Hessel PA, Sluis Cremer GK, Hnizdo E, Faure
MH, Thomas RG, Wiles FJ. Progression of
silicosis in Relation to silica dust exposure.
Ann Occup. Hyg.,1988; 32 (Suppl1): 689–696
13. Bhat Ramesh, M Ramaswamy.A comparative
study of lung functions in rice mill ans saw mill
workers. Indian.
JournalofPhysiology&Pharmacology.1991;
35(1) : 27-30.
14. Bose S, Roohi F and Agarwal B Lung function
tests and immunoglobulin E in Dal mill
workers. Indian Journal of Physiology and
Allied Sciences.1997; 51(3): 101-108.
15. Corey P, Hutcheon M, Broader I and Mintz
SGrain elevator workers show work related
Pulmonary function changes and dose effect
relationships with dust exposure. British.
Journal Industrial Medicine. 1982; 39: 330-
337.
16. Cotes J.E. Lung Function Assesment &
Application in Medicine. 4th Edition Oxford
Blackwell.1979.
17. Corey P, Hutcheon M, Broder I and Mintz
S.Grain elevator workers show work related
pulmonary function changes and dose effect
relationships with dust exposure. British.
Journal Industrial Medicine 1982;9: 330-337.
18. Damodar D, Agarwal, Sharma PNChanges in
ventilator capacities due to talc dust Indian.
Journal Chest Diseases. & Allied
Sciences.1983; 25: 21-24.
19. De Clerk N. Silica compensated silicosis and
lung cancer in Western Australian goldmines.
Occupational and environmental medicine,
1998; 55(4):243–8.
20. Do Pico, G A, Reddan W, Flaherty D, Tsiatis A,
Peters M E Rao P and Rankin J .Respiratory
abnormalities among grain handlers. A clinicaPhysiological and immunological study.
American Review Respiratory Diseases.1977;
115: 915-927.
21. DosmanJ.A.,GrahamB.L.,CottonD.J. Chronic
Bronchitis and exposure to cereal grain dust.
American Review Respiratory Diseases
1979;120:477-482.
22. Duke,W.W. Wheat hairs and decreased forced
expiratory flow rates in life time non smoking
grain workers. American Review Respiratory
Diseases;1980;121:11-16.
23. Elkarim,Mohammed A. AwoaQ. Mohammed
et al.Respiratory and allergic disorders in
workers exposed to grain and flour dusts.
Archvies Environmental Healthl .1986;41: 297-
301.
24. Gupta S.P. Bajaj A.,BhagwanS. Simple lung
function studies in silicosis amongst stone
cutters. Indian. Journal of. Chest Diseases. &
Allied Sciences.1963; 18 :73-82.
25. Guillermo A., Do Pico William R
eddan,AnastasiosTsiatis,Mary Ellen Peters and
John Rankin .Epidemiologic study of clinical
and physiological parameters in grain
handlers northern united states. American
Review Respiratory Diseases.1984. 125: 759-
765
26. Hankinson J.L., Roger R B and MorganW.K.C.
Maximal respiratory flows in coal miners.
American Review Respiratory Diseases.1977;
116: 175-180.
27. Kapoor Raj, Mahajan K K and Marya.Ventilator
and diffusion studies in smoker and non
smoker, flour mill workers. Indian. Journal of.
Physiology and. Pharmacology .1989; 33(1) :
211-215.
28. Keith W, Morgan C, Anthony Ceaton.
Occupational Lung disease 2nd Edition.1984.
29. . ATS (American Thoracic Society). Adverse
effects of crystalline silica exposure. Am. J.
Respir. Crit. Care Med., 1997; 155:761–768.
30. Mathur M.l.,Dixit.A.K.and Narayana correlates
of peak expiratory flow rate:A study of sand
stone quarry workers in desert. Indian.
Journal of. Physiology and. Pharmacology:
1995; 40(4) : 340-344.
31. Mcdermott C.M., GilsonJ.C. and Schilling
R.SF.A pilot enquiry in two cotton mills in
United States Journal of American and
Medical Association.1961; 177:850-853.
32. Mcdermott C.M., GilsonJ.C. and Schilling
R.SF.Respiratory function during day in cotton
workers. British. Journal of Industrial
Medicine1985; 5 :75-83.
33. McCarthy P.e.cockeroft A.E., Mcdermontt
.Lung function after exposure to barely dust
Brtishi.Journal of Industrial Medicine1985; 42:
106-110.
34. Merchant J.A.Kilburn K.H.O Fallon
W.M.,Lumsden J.C.Bysinossis and chronic
bronchitis among cotton textile
workers.Annals. Internal Medicine.1972; 72:
423-433.
35. Mohan N. Rao., Kashyap S.K.,Kulkarni P.K.,
Saiyed H.N., Purohit A.K.and Patel B.D.
Pulmonary function studies in 15-18 years of
age workers exposed to dust in industry.
Indian Journal Physiology.
Pharmacology.1992; 36: 51-54.
36. Narasihma Rao V.L. and Tandon H.C. A study
of dynamic lung functions in textile workers .
Indian. Journal. Physiology&. Pharmacology
;1979 23: 342-346.
37. Pump K.K.Studies in silicosis of human lung
diseases .1998;Chest 53: 237-246.
38. RaghavanP., Nagendra A.S.,Thaker
P.V.Byssinosis and lung capacities in textile
workers in Bombay Indian.Journa. Chest
Diseases.1964; 6:38-47.
39. Rastogi S.K., Gupta B.n., Srivastav A.K.,
Mathur N. and Hussain Tanveer .A respiratory
function in glass bangle workers . Indian.
Journal. Chest Diseases. & Allied
Science.1988;30 :5-10.
40. Rastogi S.K, Mathur N., ClerkS.H. Ventilatory
norms in healthy industrial male workers.
Indian. Journaof. Chest Diseases. & Allied
Science1983;s. 5 :185-195.
41. Raymond DH. Hamilton & Hardys industrial
toxicology. Philadelphia, Mosby,
42. R.K.,Yousuf M., allakaband G.Q., Kaul
S.NSilicosis in stone cutters in Kashmir.
Journal. Indian. Medical Association 1984;82
198-20.
43. Schilling R.S.F.Byssinosis in cotton and other
textile workers. Lancet .1956;261- 26544. Singh S.H.,Gandhi A., Rai U.C.A study of lung
function abnormalities in workers of cotton
spinning shops. Indian. Journal. Physiology&.
Pharmacology .1979; 23: 342-346.
45. Singh S.K.,Nishith S.D., Tandon G.S.,Shukla
N.Some observation in pulmonary function
tests in rice mill workers. Indian. Journal.
Physiology&. Pharmacology .1988; 32:152-
157
46. Sindhu m.S., Kedar Nath., Mehrotra
R.K.Byssinosis amongst cotton and jute
workers in Kanpur. Indian . Journal.
Medical.Research. 1966;54:980
47. Talini D et al. Chest radiography and high
resolution computed tomography in the
evaluation of workers exposed to silica dust
relation with functional findings. Occupational
and environmentalmedicine, 1995 ;52(4):262–
7.
48. Tiwari Raj NarayanR, ZodPey, Sanjay
Deshpande, Sanjay g and Vasudeo Nayantara
D.Peak expiratory flow rates in handloom
weavers. Indian. Journal. Physiology&.
Pharmacology .1998; 42(2) 266-270.
49. Tse K.S., warren P., Janusz M., McCarthy D.S.
and Cherniak R.M.Respiratory abnormalities
in workers exposed to grain dust. Archvies
Environmental Health .1973; 27: 74-77.
50. Valic F., Beitic D., and Butkovic D .Respiratory
response to tobacco dust exposure ; .
American Review Respiratory Diseases
.1976;113:751-755.
51. Valic F.,Zuskin E., Byssinosis .A follow up study
of workers exposed to fine grade cotton dust.
Thorax. 1972; 27: 459- 462
52. Warren D.A., Harrison B.D.W., Fawcetti.W.,
Mohammed Y., Pope H.M.,Watkins
B.J.Silicosis among grindstone cutters in North
Nigeria. Thorax.1970; 30: 389- 398.
53. Zuskin E., Valic F. Respiratory response in
simultaneous exposure to flax and hemp
dust. British. Journa.Industrial.Medicine.1973;
30:375-380
54. Zuskin E.and Skuric ZdenkaRespiratory
function in tea workers. British.
Journa.Industrial.Medicine.1984; 41:375-380.
55. Zuhair Y.S., Whitaker C.J., and Cinkotai
F.F.Ventilatory function in workers exposed to
tea and wood dust. British. Journal .Industrial .
Medicine1981; 38:339-345.
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2013-06-30
How to Cite
Vyas, S. (2013). To Compare The Effects Of Marble And Stone Dust On Lung Volumes And Capacity: Effects Of Marble And Stone Dust On Lung Volumes And Capacity. National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine, 4(3), 22–27. Retrieved from http://nicpd.ac.in/ojs-/index.php/njirm/article/view/2174
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