Longitudinal Study Of Peak Expiratory Flow Rate In Pregnant Women
Study of Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Pregnant Women
Keywords:
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate, Pregnancy, Active breathing exercisesAbstract
Background: Several changes have been reported in the maternal pulmonary function tests during pregnancy. A longitudinal study was undertaken to document these changes throughout pregnancy using Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR). Effect of age and height on PEFR was also documented. Method :The study included 100 pregnant females and 100 non-pregnant female controls. PEFR was measured in each trimester of pregnancy at postpartum with Mini Wright peak flow meter and the highest value of PEFR from three correctly performed blows was considered. Results: There was a decrease in mean PEFR as the pregnancy advanced from 1st to 3rd trimester and increase in PEFR in post-partum, both being statistically significant. PEFR had significant negative correlation with age. Mean PEFR increased with an increase in age of the study subjects in all the 3 trimesters of pregnancy, with maximum value at 24 -29 years of age and there after started declining. PEFR had highly significant positive correlation with height in all the 3 trimesters of pregnancy. Conclusion : The study documented the changes in PEFR during pregnancy, the effect of age and height on PEFR along with their prediction equations.
References
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2. Phatak MS, Kurhade GA. A longitudinal study of
antenatal changes in lung function tests and importance of postpartum exercises in their recovery. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2003;47(3):352-6.
3. Saxena SC, Rao VSC, Mudgal S. A study of pulmonary function tests during pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol India 1979;29(4):993-5.
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8. Brancazio LR, Laifer SA, Schwartz T. Peak expiratory flow rate in normal pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1997;89(3):383-6.
9. Monga U, Kumari K. Pulmonary functions in Punjabi pregnant women. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2000;44(1):115-6.
10. Rubin A, Russo N, Goucher D. The effect of
pregnancy upon pulmonary function in normal women. Am J Obstet Gynaecol 1956; 72(5):963-9.
11. Ganeriwal SK, Deshpande DR, Reddy BV, Shaikh RM. Effect of pregnancy on pulmonary ventilation. J Obstet Gynaecol India 1984;36(3):639-41.
12. Singhal U, Saxena K. Effect of anaemia on respiratory and metabolic parameters during third trimester of pregnancy. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1987;31(2):130-5.
13. Puranik BM, Kurhade GA, Kaore SB, Patwardhan SA, Kher JR. PEFR in pregnancy: a longitudinalstudy. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1995;39(2):135-9.
14. Rasheed BMA, Hussain K, Hussain S. PEFR in relation to phases of pregnancy. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2000;44(4):511-2.
15. Rasheed BMA, Mansoor A, Hussain S. Incentive spirometry and PEFR in different phases of pregnancy. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2002;46(1):126-8.
16. Sroczynski T. Evaluation of respiratory tract function in healthy women in the last month of uncomplicated pregnancy. Ann Acad Med Stetin 2002;48:331-50.
17. Harirah HM, Donia SE, Nasrallah FK, Saade GR, Belfort MA. Effect of gestational age and position on peak expiratory flow rate: a longitudinal study. Obstet Gynaecol 2005;105(2):372-6.
18. Flint FJ, Khan MO. Clinical use of peak flow meter. Br Med J 1962;2:1231-2.
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28. Prasad R, Verma SK, Agrawal GG, Mathur N. Prediction model for peak expiratory flow in north Indian population. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci.2006;48(2):103-6.
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30. Leiner GC, Abramowitz S, Small MJ, Stenby VB. Lewis WA. Peak expiratory flow rate. Standard values for normal subjects. Use as a clinical test of ventilator function. Am Rev Respir Dis 1963;88: 644-51.
31. Elebute EA, Femi-Pearse D. Peak flow rate in Nigeria : anthropometric determinants and usefulness in assessment of ventilatory function. Thorax 1971;26:597- 601.
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33. Amin SK, Pande RS. PEFR in normal subjects. India J Chest Dis. 1978;20:81-3.
34. Bayu T, Teshale S, Mills RJ. PEFR in normal Ethiopian children and adults in Addis Ababa. Br J Dis Chest 1987; 81:176.
35. Udwadia FE, Sunavala JD, Shetye VM. Lung function studies in healthy Indian subjects. J Appl Physiol India 1987;36(7):491-6.
36. Mukhtar MSR, Rao GMM, Morghom LO. Peak expiratory flow rates in Libyan adolescents. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1989;33(4):223-7.
37. Walter S, Richard J. Lung function development in Indian men and women during late adolescence and early adulthood : a longitudinal study. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1991;35(1):15-20.
38. Rao NM, Mavlankar MG, Kulkarni PK, Kashyap SK. Pulmonary function studies in Gujrati subjects. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1992;36(1):55-9.
39. Jepegnanam V, Amirtharaj G, Sulochana,Damodarasamy, Rao VM. PEFR in a random healthy population of Coimbatore. India J Physiol Pharmacol 1996;40(2):127-33.
40. Mohamed EI, Maiolo C, Iacopino L, Pepe M, Di Daniele N, De Lorengo A. The impact of body-weight components on forced spirometry in healthy Italians. Lung 2002;180(3):149-59.
41. Dikshit MB, Raje S, Agrawal MJ. Lung functions with spirometry: an Indian perspective-I. Peak expiratory flow rates. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2005;49(1):8-18.
2. Phatak MS, Kurhade GA. A longitudinal study of
antenatal changes in lung function tests and importance of postpartum exercises in their recovery. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2003;47(3):352-6.
3. Saxena SC, Rao VSC, Mudgal S. A study of pulmonary function tests during pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol India 1979;29(4):993-5.
4. Bhatia P, Bhatia K. Pregnancy and the lungs. Postgrad Med J 2000;76: 683-9.
5. Neeraj, Sodhi C, Pramod J, Singh J, kaur V. effect of advanced uncomplicated pregnancy on pulmonary function parameters of north indian subjects indian j physiol pharmacol 2010 : 54(1) : 69-72.
6. Mokkapatti R, Prasad EC, Venkatraman, Fatima K. Ventilatory functions in pregnancy. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1991:35(4):237-40.
7. Higgins D, Measuring PEFR. Nursing Practice,clinical research. 2005 March. 101(10): 32
8. Brancazio LR, Laifer SA, Schwartz T. Peak expiratory flow rate in normal pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1997;89(3):383-6.
9. Monga U, Kumari K. Pulmonary functions in Punjabi pregnant women. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2000;44(1):115-6.
10. Rubin A, Russo N, Goucher D. The effect of
pregnancy upon pulmonary function in normal women. Am J Obstet Gynaecol 1956; 72(5):963-9.
11. Ganeriwal SK, Deshpande DR, Reddy BV, Shaikh RM. Effect of pregnancy on pulmonary ventilation. J Obstet Gynaecol India 1984;36(3):639-41.
12. Singhal U, Saxena K. Effect of anaemia on respiratory and metabolic parameters during third trimester of pregnancy. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1987;31(2):130-5.
13. Puranik BM, Kurhade GA, Kaore SB, Patwardhan SA, Kher JR. PEFR in pregnancy: a longitudinalstudy. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1995;39(2):135-9.
14. Rasheed BMA, Hussain K, Hussain S. PEFR in relation to phases of pregnancy. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2000;44(4):511-2.
15. Rasheed BMA, Mansoor A, Hussain S. Incentive spirometry and PEFR in different phases of pregnancy. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2002;46(1):126-8.
16. Sroczynski T. Evaluation of respiratory tract function in healthy women in the last month of uncomplicated pregnancy. Ann Acad Med Stetin 2002;48:331-50.
17. Harirah HM, Donia SE, Nasrallah FK, Saade GR, Belfort MA. Effect of gestational age and position on peak expiratory flow rate: a longitudinal study. Obstet Gynaecol 2005;105(2):372-6.
18. Flint FJ, Khan MO. Clinical use of peak flow meter. Br Med J 1962;2:1231-2.
19. Pelzer AM, Thomson ML. Expiratory peak flow. Br Med J 1964;2:123.
20. Gupta S, Puri MB, Singh SI. Pulmonary function tests in health. J Assoc Physiol India 1975;23:247-52.
21. Cookson JB, Blake GTW, Faranisi C. Normal values for ventilatory function in Rhodesian Africans. Br J Dis Chest 1976;70:107-11.
22. Gupta P, Gupta S, Ajmera RL. Lung function tests in Rajasthani subjects. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1979;23(1):8-14.
23. Singh HD, Peri S. PEFR in south Indian adults. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1979;23(4):315-20.
24. Gupta CK, Mathur N. Statistical models relating PEFR to age, height and weight in men and women. J Epidemiol Commun Hlth 1982;36:64-7.
25. Jain SK, Kumar R, Sharma DA. Factors influencing PEFR in normal subjects. Lung India 1983;3:92-7.
26. Lebowitz MD, Sherrill DL, Kaltenborn W, Burrows B. Peak expiratory flow from maximum expiratory flow volume curves in a community population :cross- sectional and longitudinal analyses. Eur Respir J Suppl 1997;24:29s-38s.
27. Nishitsuji M, Fujimura M, Shibata K. Longitudinal decline of forced expiratory volume in one second in non-smoking Japanese women. Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi 2006;44(4):301-4
28. Prasad R, Verma SK, Agrawal GG, Mathur N. Prediction model for peak expiratory flow in north Indian population. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci.2006;48(2):103-6.
29. Bhargava RP, Misra SM, Gupta NK. Ventilatory tests and lung volume studies in Madhya Pradesh : physiological norms. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1973;17(3):267-72.
30. Leiner GC, Abramowitz S, Small MJ, Stenby VB. Lewis WA. Peak expiratory flow rate. Standard values for normal subjects. Use as a clinical test of ventilator function. Am Rev Respir Dis 1963;88: 644-51.
31. Elebute EA, Femi-Pearse D. Peak flow rate in Nigeria : anthropometric determinants and usefulness in assessment of ventilatory function. Thorax 1971;26:597- 601.
32. Woolcock AJ, Colman MH, Blackburn CRB. Factors affecting normal values for ventilatory lung functions. Am Rev Respir Dis 1972;106:692-709.
33. Amin SK, Pande RS. PEFR in normal subjects. India J Chest Dis. 1978;20:81-3.
34. Bayu T, Teshale S, Mills RJ. PEFR in normal Ethiopian children and adults in Addis Ababa. Br J Dis Chest 1987; 81:176.
35. Udwadia FE, Sunavala JD, Shetye VM. Lung function studies in healthy Indian subjects. J Appl Physiol India 1987;36(7):491-6.
36. Mukhtar MSR, Rao GMM, Morghom LO. Peak expiratory flow rates in Libyan adolescents. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1989;33(4):223-7.
37. Walter S, Richard J. Lung function development in Indian men and women during late adolescence and early adulthood : a longitudinal study. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1991;35(1):15-20.
38. Rao NM, Mavlankar MG, Kulkarni PK, Kashyap SK. Pulmonary function studies in Gujrati subjects. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1992;36(1):55-9.
39. Jepegnanam V, Amirtharaj G, Sulochana,Damodarasamy, Rao VM. PEFR in a random healthy population of Coimbatore. India J Physiol Pharmacol 1996;40(2):127-33.
40. Mohamed EI, Maiolo C, Iacopino L, Pepe M, Di Daniele N, De Lorengo A. The impact of body-weight components on forced spirometry in healthy Italians. Lung 2002;180(3):149-59.
41. Dikshit MB, Raje S, Agrawal MJ. Lung functions with spirometry: an Indian perspective-I. Peak expiratory flow rates. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2005;49(1):8-18.
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Published
2012-03-31
How to Cite
Bansal, D. M., Goyal, D. M., Dhillon, D. J. K., & Kaur, D. P. (2012). Longitudinal Study Of Peak Expiratory Flow Rate In Pregnant Women: Study of Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Pregnant Women. National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine, 3(1), 34–38. Retrieved from http://nicpd.ac.in/ojs-/index.php/njirm/article/view/1962
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