Study of Risk Factors for Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (A Hospital Based Case Control Study)
Study of Risk Factors for Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
Keywords:
PIH, case-control study, vegetarian diet, previous PIH, hospital studyAbstract
Hypertension disorders of pregnancy are important leading causes of maternal, fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Hypertension during pregnancy is classified under five categories; they are chronic hypertension, preeclampsia, chronic hypertension with preeclampsia, gestational hypertension (Pregnancy Induced Hypertension-PIH) and transient hypertension. The present study was initiated as undergraduate student study to determine the risks factors of pregnancy induced hypertension. Method: The present case-control study was conducted during July 2016 to Oct 2016 at tertiary care hospital. The study population is selected from the hospital OPD. There were total 100 pregnant women selected for the study. There were selected on first come first basis. There were 50 women with PIH and 50 women without PIH selected for the study. The cases were selected from list of Obstetric OPD and matched control were also selected form same department. The socio-demographic matched case and control selected in equal number 1 : 1 ratio. Results: The women with PIH and without PIH, both groups were matched for their background information. It was found that there was no association with primipara and multipara with PIH (Odds – 1.7 95% CI – 0.68 to 4.30). Menstrual history had also no association with present PIH condition (OR- 0.5 95% CI- 0.2 to 1.6 ). Family history of hypertension (OR-1.9 95% CI- 0.8 to 4.8) and family history of diabetes mellitus (OR-1.5 95% CI- 0.61 to 3.7) also had not association with present PIH. Past history of PIH had strong association with current PIH for women who are multigravida (OR-3.7 95% CI- 1.1 to 12.5 p=0.03). Also there was interesting observation that vegetarian had higher chance of getting PIH then mixed diet pattern (OR-4.3 95% CI- 1.8 to 10.4 p=0.0009). Conclusion: The various risk factors were studies among PIH women and non-PIH women as case control study. The risk factors which present study have identified, they were past history of PIH and vegetarian diet. Others need to explore in larger community based study. [Sorohi H NJIRM 2017; 8(3):49-52]
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