Study Of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern Of Enterococci With Special Reference To Newer Antibiotic
Study Of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern Of Enterococci
Keywords:
Enterococci, Newer antibiotic- ceftaroline, telavancin, linezolid, daptomycinAbstract
Background: Multidrug-resistant Enterococci are major problem and are increasingly reported worldwide. Enterococcal infections have been associated with higher hospitalization costs and a higher number of related deaths. Treatment of multidrug-resistant enterococci has become a challenge in hospitals around the world due to the lack of reliable therapeutic options. So the present study was undertaken with the aim to know the antimicrobial resistantpattern of enterococcus to newer antibiotic. Methodology: 22 isolates of enterococcus resistant to the entire routinely tested antibiotic were further tested for newer antimicrobial agent linezolid, daptomycin, rifampin, synercid, teicoplanin, telavancin, vancomycin, gentamicin (HLG). Results: Among these 22 enterococci isolated none of our isolates showed resistance to vancomycin, teicoplanin, telavancin, tigecycline and linezolid. But one isolate of E.faecalis showed resistance to daptomcyin. This daptomycinnonsusceptible isolate was found susceptible to ceftaroline. E. faecalis showed higher resistance to Gentamicin (HLG) and Synercid as compared to E.faecium. Specimen-wise higher distribution of enterococci (resistant to routinely tested antimicrobial agents) was observed in Urine 11(50%) followed by Pus 4(18.18%) and Miscellaneous 4(18.18%) and from Blood 3(13.64%). Conclusion: In our study none of the isolates showed resistance to vancomycin, tigecycline, telavancin, linezolid and ceftaroline but thepresence of daptomycin non-susceptible enterococci 1(4.55%) in our rural set-up is cause of concern. [Kaur D NJIRM 2016; 7(1):50-54]
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22. Dobbs TE, Patel M, Waites KB, Moser SA, StammAM,HoesleyCJ.Nosocomial spread of Enterococcus faeciumresistant to vancomycin and linezolid in a tertiary care medical center. J Clin Microbiol.2006; 44:3368–70.
23. Esteban CN, Suresh RP, Kavindra VS, Barbara EM. Activity of Tigecycline (GAR-936), a Novel
Glycylcycline, against Enterococci in the Mouse Peritonitis Model. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 2003:47(2):529-532.
24. Claire C, Robert H, Ashutosh D, John H and Teresa I. Tigecycline-resistant Enterococcus faecalis associated with omeprazole use in a surgical patient. J Antimicrob Chemother.2012: March. doi:10.1093/jac/dks122
25. Guido W, Sabine G, Carola F, Wolfgang W, Ingo K. Tigecycline-resistant Enterococcus faecalis strain isolated from a German intensive care unit patient. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy; 2008: February. doi:10.1093/jac/dkn065
26. Hsih-Yeh Tsai, Chun-Hsing Liao, Yen-Hsu Chen, Po-Liang Lu, Cheng-Hua Huang, Chin-Te Lu et al. Trends in Susceptibility of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faeciumto Tigecycline, Daptomycin, and Linezolid and Molecular Epidemiology of the Isolates: Results from the TigecyclineInVitroSurveillance in Taiwan (TIST) Study, 2006 to 2010. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 2012:56(6); 3402–3405.
27. VR Deshpande, MG Karmarkar, PR Mehta .Prevalence of multidrug-resistant enterococci in a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, India .J Infect Dev Ctries2013; 7(2):155-158.
28. Mohanty S, Jose S, Singhal R, Sood S, Dhawan B, Das BK,et al. Species prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of enterococci isolated in a tertiary care hospital of north India. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2005; 36: 962-5.
29. W. T. M. Jansen, A. Verel, J. Verhoef, D. Milatovic. In Vitro Activity of Telavancin against Gram-Positive Clinical Isolates Recently Obtained in Europe. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.2007: 51(9);3420-3424.
30. KlaudiaKosowska-Shick, Catherine Clark, Glenn A. Pankuch, Pamela McGhee, BonifacioDewasse, Linda Beachel,, Peter C. Appelbaum. Activity of Telavancin against Staphylococci and Enterococci Determined by MIC and Resistance Selection Studies. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.2009:53(10);4217–4224
2. The gram positive cocci Part II: Streptococci, Enterococci, and the " Streptococcus -like" bacteria, Chapter 12. In : Koneman EW, Allen SD, Janda WM, Schreckenberger PC, Winn WC, editors. Color Atlas and Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. 5th edn. New York: JB Lipincott; 1997. p. 577-649
3. Delisle S, Perl T. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci: a road map on how to prevent the emergence and transmission of antimicrobial resistance.Chest. 2003; 123(Suppl 5):504S–13S.
4. Rice LB. Emergence of vancomycin resistant enterococci. 2001. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol7no2/rice.htm 2005.
5. GiridharaUpadhyaya PM, Ravikumar KL, Umapathy BL. Review of virulence factor of enterococcus: An Emerging nosocomial pathogen. Indian J Med Microbiol 2009; 27: 301-5.
6. Auckland C, Teare L, Cooke F, Kaufmann ME, Warner M, Jones G et al. Linezolid-resistant enterococci: report of the first isolates in the United Kingdom. J AntimicrobChemother.2002; 50(5):743-6.
7. Zhi-jian Y, Zhong C, Hang C, Jin-xin Z, Wei-guang P, Wei-zhi Y et al. Recurrent linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecalis infection in a patient with pneumonia. International Journal of Infectious Diseases.2015; 30: 49–51
8. Lewis JS, Owens A, Cadena J, Sabol K, Patterson JE, Jorgensen JH. Emergence of daptomycin resistance in Enterococcus faecium during daptomycin therapy. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005; 49(4):1664-5.
9. Fraher MH, Corcoran GD, Creagh S, Feeney E.Daptomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in a patient with no prior exposure to daptomycin. J Hosp Infect 2007; 65:376-8.
10. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. 19th Informational Supplement. (M100-S19). Wayne, Pa, USA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2009
11. Taneja N, Rani P, Emmanuel R, Sharma M. Significance of vancomycin resistant enterococci from urinary specimens at a tertiary care centre in northern India. Indian J Med Res 2004; 119: 72-4.
12. Karmarkar MG, Gershom ES, Mehta PR. Enterococcal infections with special reference to phenotypic characterization & drug resistance. Indian J Med Res 2004; 119 (Suppl) : 22-5.
13. Chitnis S, Katara G, Hemvani N, Pareek S, Chitnis DS. In vitro activity of daptomycin& linezolid againstmethicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus& vancomycin resistant enterococci isolated from hospitalized cases in Central India. Indian J Med Res 2013;137:191-6
14. Mathai D, Biedenbach DJ, Jones RN, Bell JM, Turnidge J Sader HS; India Daptomycin Study group. Activity of daptomycin against Gram positive bacterial isolates from Indian medical centre (2006-2007). Int J Antimicrob Agents 2009; 34 : 497-9
15. Dhawan B, Gadepalli R, Kapil A. In vitro activity of daptomycin against Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin resistant enterococcus faecium isolates associated with skin and soft tissue infections: first results from India. DiagnMicrobiol Infect Dis 2009; 65 : 196-8
16. Tran TT, Panesso D, Mishra NN, Mileykovskaya E, Guan Z, Munita JM, et al.Daptomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis diverts the antibiotic molecule from the division septum and remodels cell membrane phospholipids. MBio.2013:23;4(4)
17. Lesho EP, Wortmann GW, Craft D, Moran KA. . De novo daptomycinnonsusceptibility in a clinical isolate. J ClinMicrobiol 2006; 44:673.
18. George S, Warren R, Poochit N, Joshua O, Joseph P, Romney H et al. Ceftaroline Restores Daptomycin Activity against Daptomycin-Nonsusceptible Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. March 2014:58(3); 1494-1500
19. George ME, Theodoros K, Romney H, Daniel ZU, David AP. DaptomycinNonsusceptible Enterococci: An Emerging Challenge for Clinicians. Clin Infect Dis. 2011:52(2); 228-234. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciq113
20. S. Rahim, S. K. Pillai, H. S. Gold, L. Venkataraman, K. Inglima, and R. A. Press, “Linezolid-resistant, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium infection in patients without prior exposure to linezolid,†Clinical Infectious Diseases.2003:36(11);E146–E148.
21. Marion A.K, Rose AD, Timothy FJ, Bryan PS, Kelley M, Susan Chow et al. Response to Emerging Infection Leading to Outbreak of Linezolid-Resistant Enterococci. Emerging Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • 2007; 13 (7):1024-1030.
22. Dobbs TE, Patel M, Waites KB, Moser SA, StammAM,HoesleyCJ.Nosocomial spread of Enterococcus faeciumresistant to vancomycin and linezolid in a tertiary care medical center. J Clin Microbiol.2006; 44:3368–70.
23. Esteban CN, Suresh RP, Kavindra VS, Barbara EM. Activity of Tigecycline (GAR-936), a Novel
Glycylcycline, against Enterococci in the Mouse Peritonitis Model. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 2003:47(2):529-532.
24. Claire C, Robert H, Ashutosh D, John H and Teresa I. Tigecycline-resistant Enterococcus faecalis associated with omeprazole use in a surgical patient. J Antimicrob Chemother.2012: March. doi:10.1093/jac/dks122
25. Guido W, Sabine G, Carola F, Wolfgang W, Ingo K. Tigecycline-resistant Enterococcus faecalis strain isolated from a German intensive care unit patient. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy; 2008: February. doi:10.1093/jac/dkn065
26. Hsih-Yeh Tsai, Chun-Hsing Liao, Yen-Hsu Chen, Po-Liang Lu, Cheng-Hua Huang, Chin-Te Lu et al. Trends in Susceptibility of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faeciumto Tigecycline, Daptomycin, and Linezolid and Molecular Epidemiology of the Isolates: Results from the TigecyclineInVitroSurveillance in Taiwan (TIST) Study, 2006 to 2010. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 2012:56(6); 3402–3405.
27. VR Deshpande, MG Karmarkar, PR Mehta .Prevalence of multidrug-resistant enterococci in a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, India .J Infect Dev Ctries2013; 7(2):155-158.
28. Mohanty S, Jose S, Singhal R, Sood S, Dhawan B, Das BK,et al. Species prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of enterococci isolated in a tertiary care hospital of north India. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2005; 36: 962-5.
29. W. T. M. Jansen, A. Verel, J. Verhoef, D. Milatovic. In Vitro Activity of Telavancin against Gram-Positive Clinical Isolates Recently Obtained in Europe. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.2007: 51(9);3420-3424.
30. KlaudiaKosowska-Shick, Catherine Clark, Glenn A. Pankuch, Pamela McGhee, BonifacioDewasse, Linda Beachel,, Peter C. Appelbaum. Activity of Telavancin against Staphylococci and Enterococci Determined by MIC and Resistance Selection Studies. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.2009:53(10);4217–4224
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Published
2018-01-18
How to Cite
Kaur, D. C., & Chate, S. (2018). Study Of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern Of Enterococci With Special Reference To Newer Antibiotic: Study Of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern Of Enterococci. National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine, 7(1), 50–54. Retrieved from http://nicpd.ac.in/ojs-/index.php/njirm/article/view/1044
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