Duration Of Diabetes Mellitus And Vascular Complications

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with disabling and potentially life-threatening micro-vascular and macro-vascular complications. Common risk factors for vascular complications in people with type 2 diabetes include hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, tobacco use and obesity. This study aimed to determine the incidence of macro- and micro-vascular complications and risk factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Material And Methods: 100 Patients with type 2 DM attending the medicine opd at Shardaben General Hospital, were included in this observational study who fulfilled inclusion criteria. Detailed history of all patients was recorded including the duration of DM, risk factors for DM and complications of DM. Result: Incidence of DM was higher in males (56%). Maximum patients with diabetes were between 51 - 70 years. 31% patients were newly diagnosed having DM, 36% had DM of <5 years, 24% had DM duration of 5- 10 years and 9% had DM duration of >10 years. Mean fasting Blood sugar was 186mg/dL. 78% had one or more micro vascular complications. Retinopathy was the most common micro-vascular complication (35%). The most common macro-vascular complication was coronary artery disease (44%). Conclusion: Retinopathy was the most common micro-vascular and coronary artery disease is most common macro vascular complication. Incidence of micro-vascular complication increases with duration of diabetes, while macro-vascular complications doesn’t correlate with the duration of diabetes mellitus. [Chauhan H Natl J Integr Res Med, 2022; 13(1): 27-30, Published on 26/01/2022]