Morphological Comparative Study Of Human Renal Arteries In Cadavers And In Computed Tomography Scans

Abstract

Background: The kidneys are vital organs of urinary system. The primary function of the urinary system is removal of metabolic waste from the body. The blood supply of any organ reflects its functional importance. This is true with the kidneys and its blood supply too. The right and left kidneys receive their blood supply from the lateral branches of the abdominal aorta, that is respectively from the right and the left renal arteries. These renal arteries are known to exhibit variations. These variations are encountered routinely during the dissection of cadavers. The knowledge of such variations is important for the clinicians and the surgeons. The recent advances in radiological techniques (CT scan) allow study of arterial system with good precision. This study is therefore planned with an aim to study and compare morphology of human renal arteries in cadavers and using Computed tomography scans in living individuals. Material And Methods: The study was conducted on 36 formalin fixed cadavers and on 36 computed tomographic(CT) angiograms of renal arteries. The parameters measured included mode of termination and the branching pattern of renal arteries. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out to find out the mean and standard deviation (SD). Result: 68.5% to 86.1% peri hilar mode of termination and 13.8% to 31.4% hilar mode of termination was found in cadavers. While both type of mode of termination in CT angiograms was found to be around 44.4% to 55.5%. In cadavers as well as in CT angiograms 43.7% to 70% was P1 branching pattern.
Conclusion: The mode of termination of renal artery in cadavers was peri hilar in 77.4% and hilar in 22.5% cases and in CT study mode of termination of renal artery was peri hilar in 50% and hilar in 50%. The branching pattern of renal artery in case of peri hilar division in majority of cases is P1 that is posterior artery was the first branch of renal artery. [Chowki P Natl J Integr Res Med, 2021; 12(2):18-21]