Understanding COVID-19: An Analogy to SARS and MERS

Abstract

Background: To provide a comprehensive outlook of three deadly corona viruses global epidemics, their similarities and differences which will help provide critical assessment of modifiable risk factors and preventive measures for containing their spread in future as well as utilize the lessons learned from earlier two corona virus epidemics to help control the spread and end the recent epidemic of SARS-CoV-2. Material And Methods: Utilizing comprehensive review from PubMed database and WHO bulletins, we obtained genomics information, clinical signs & symptoms, treatment, diagnosis, transmission, methods of prevention, and risk factors for SARS, MERS and COVID-19. A comparison between viruses was made. Result: Tracing back of the origin of these corona virus epidemics puts China at the epicentre for two of the three outbreaks. Although SARS showed high fatality, COVID-19 has rapidly spread among symptomatic & asymptomatic cases. Inadequate risk assessment, possible data fudging and under reporting of virus considering urgency of situation within China has been a key reason for the spread of the new virus outside mainland to distant countries. None of the virus epidemics have resulted in development of a permanent cure with sporadic outbreaks remains distinct possibility. Conclusion: We conclude that with all available high-end technology and an experience of two prior epidemic of similar viral origin, we still look ill prepared to face challenges posed by epidemics especially the ongoing virus pandemic. Countries should work together in sharing and dispersing of information to limit spread and finally terminate the infection using technologies to best. [Natl J Integr Res Med, 2020; 11(3):77-87]