Study of Complications of Plasmodium Vivax Malaria Mono Infections

Abstract

Background: Malaria is a common parasitic diseases of humans, affecting approximately 243 million people worldwide of which Plasmodium Vivax(P. Vivax) is the most widely distributed with up to 2.5 billion people at risk and an estimated 70-80 million cases every year. Objectives: To study the complications and outcome of P. Vivax malaria mono infections at SMIMER hospital, Surat, Gujarat. Methods: A prospective two years study was conducted at SMIMER hospital involving a cohort of 100 patients with peripheral smear positive for P. Vivax malarial parasite. Observation and Results: Hundred patients comprised of 70 males and 30 females. Majority of the patients were in the second and third decade of life. Jaundice was present in 17% of patients and vomiting in 36% of the patients. Hepatomegaly was seen in 38% cases and 35% cases had splenomegaly. ARDS was seen in 4% cases. Acute kidney injury was seen in 5% and cerebral malaria was seen in 5% cases. Multi organ dysfunction was seen in 3% cases. There were 3 deaths in the study group due to multi organ dysfunction. Conclusion: Life threatening complications such as ARDS, AKI, cerebral malaria and MODS can be commonly seen in P. Vivax mono infections.