Histopathological study of endometrium in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB)

Abstract

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is the most common health issue seen in women of all age groups. AUB

significantly affects the quality of life of women and results in anemia. Endometrial sampling could be

effectively used as the first diagnostic step in AUB

Objective: The present study was done to determine the histopathological spectrum of endometrium in

women presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding.

Material and and methods

This was a hospital-based prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Pathology from

June 2023 to October 2024 with approval from the Institute Ethics Committee.

Results

Most of the cases were in the age group of 41 to 50 years, comprising 58.13%. The mean age was 43.6 years.

About 1.88% cases were malignant while 11.87% cases being precursor premalignant lesions which need to

be followed up as they might progress to malignancy. Malignant lesions were seen in the 51-60 years and 41-

50 years age group. Premalignant lesions were majorly seen in the perimenopausal (41-50years) age group.

Most common histopathological diagnosis was proliferative endometrium 40.63% and which was most

commonly seen in the age group of 41-50 years. Conclusion: From this study we conclude that, majority of

the patients presenting with AUB were of the perimenopausal age group. Precursor lesion that is endometrial

hyperplasia was also seen in a significant population which should be followed up regularly as these lesions

may progress to malignancy. Endometrial carcinomas were found mostly affecting the women of

perimenopausal and postmenopausal age group.