Determinants of communication dynamics on doctor-patient interactions: a descriptive cross-sectional investigation

Abstract

Introduction: Communication dynamics in doctor-patient relationships are vital for improving patient outcomes,

with effective communication fostering clear understanding, information gathering, and compassionate

relationships. Studies highlight that physician communication skills lead to earlier problem detection, better

outcomes, higher satisfaction, and improved adherence to treatment plans. While factors like patient

demographics, doctor characteristics, and environmental influences affect doctor-patient communication,

research is limited, especially in the context of rising violence against doctors and legal challenges.

Objectives: Our study aimed to evaluate patients’ perceptions and identify the determinants associated with

negative perceptions of communication dynamics in doctor-patient interactions.

Methods: The community-based cross-sectional study included 230 participants (?18 years) selected via simple

random sampling and was conducted in Angadipuram panchayat, North Kerala, India. A pre-tested validated

questionnaire collected socio-demographic data, DPC effectiveness, and influencing factors. Data were analyzed

using SPSS 26, with chi-square tests for bivariate analysis (p ? 0.05).

Results: Our study found that 61.3% (n=141) of participants reported positive doctor-patient interactions, with

75.3% (n=55) aged 31-45 years reporting good communication and 86.9% (n=106) of females expressing higher

satisfaction levels (p=0.001). Attentive listening and involvement in decision-making (p=0.001) positively influenced

DPC, while factors like religious/cultural influences (p=0.001), high fees (p=0.0001), and rude staff behaviour

(p=0.0001) were linked to poorer communication experiences.

Conclusion: Our study emphasized that doctor-patient communication was shaped by various demographic and

contextual factors. While many participants reported positive interactions, challenges such as religious/cultural

influences, high fees, and staff rudeness pose significant barriers, emphasizing the need for patient-centered

communication strategies to improve healthcare quality and satisfaction