A scoping review of theoretical models and conceptual frameworks used in Public Health Services and Systems Research (PHSSR) literature

Abstract

Objectives

Theoretical models and conceptual frameworks are often used to design

research methods. This study aims to provide an overview of the application

of theoretical models and conceptual frameworks in Public Health Services

and Systems Research (PHSSR). We also examine how the integration of

such terms in research can improve intervention designs and support the

decision-making process within the field of public health practice.

Methods

A scoping review was conducted using publications from public health

journals to identify relevant articles in the field of PHSSR. The eligibility of

studies was determined after performing evaluations through a full-text

review of each article. The inclusion criteria included the requirement that

articles applied a theoretical model or conceptual framework.

Results

Eighteen published articles were selected for this review to detect the impact of theories and frameworks on

research designs and processes. In the studies, various conceptual frameworks and theoretical models were

used in the research design. Our review showed that researchers opted to use conceptual frameworks more

frequently than theories and theoretical models. Given the variety of public health topics, it was challenging

to identify which types of theories and conceptual frameworks are best suited for the field of PHSSR.

Conclusion

Although the application of theory and framework is of great importance in designing and strengthening the

research process, we observed that certain challenges often accompany the successful use of theories and

conceptual frameworks. Researchers should use appropriate theoretical and conceptual frameworks to guide

research design, to render more credibility and to make study findings more relevant to practice and policy.