Role of USG guided FNAC in case of hepatic mass lesions

Abstract

Introduction: The liver is a common site of hematogenous metastasis from gastrointestinal malignancies as well as extra intestinal cancers. Among primary, Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common. Liver is the third most common cause of death among individual between 25 and 59 years. The FNAC is an important useful diagnostic tool in combination with USG to make a clear difference between primary and metastatic carcinoma. On the basis of this management of these lesions differ. Aims & objectives: To study role of USG guided FNAC to differentiate benign from malignant liver lesions and hepatocellular carcinoma from metastatic carcinoma. Methods and Material: Under USG guidance, with aseptic precaution FNAC was performed with the use of 22-23 gauge spinal needle after satisfactory coagulation profile in Department of Pathology, GMC Surat from Jan-2014 to Dec-2014. Material aspirated on FNAC was spread on slides. Slides were stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin, MGG and PAP method after proper fixation. Results: Out of 30 reported cases age ranges from 30 years to 85 years. Of these, 26 cases were conclusive and four were inconclusive. Among 26 conclusive cases three were benign. Among remaining 23 malignant cases one case was of sarcoma and 22 of carcinoma. Among these 22 cases, six cases of HCC , 13 of adenocarcinoma and three poorly differentiated carcinoma. Conclusion: USG guided FNAC is very useful tool in establishing diagnosis of hepatic lesions as the procedure is simple, safe, minimally invasive.