A Case Of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension In Background Of Empty Sella Syndrome

Abstract

Background: Empty sella syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by enlargement or
malformation of a structure in the skull known as the sella turcica. Most individuals with empty sella
syndrome do not have any associated symptoms, but the finding raises concerns about hormone
deficiencies. Empty sella syndrome may occur as a primary disorder (idiopathic) or as a secondary disorder
in which it occurs due to an underlying condition or disorder such as a treated pituitary tumor, head
trauma, or a condition known as idiopathic intracranial hypertension (also called pseudotumor cerebri)
during which elevated intracranial pressure causes empty sella syndrome. Here we present a case of 25
year married female having symptoms and signs of raised ICP and decreased secondary sexual characters
with blood investigations showing hypothyroidism. Her MRI Brain showed features of raised intracranial
pressure (ICP) suggestive of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension with partially empty sella. Patient was
diagnosed as Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension with partial empty Sella with hypothyroidism and
hypogonadotrophic normogonadism secondary to raised ICP. Patient was treated with IV Mannitol,
thyroxine was started according to weight and other supportive treatment. Patient conciousness improved
and got better. Patient was discharged with follow up on oral acetazolamide, thyroxine and hormone
replacement therapy. [Vaghela N Natl J Integr Res Med, 2023; 14(4):37-39, Published on Dated:
08/07/2023]