A Study Of Various Clinical Pattern Of Cutaneous Manifestations In Endocrine Disorders

Abstract

Background: The skin serves as a window for clinicians to understand, diagnose and monitor endocrine diseases. Endocrine disorders are known to involve all organ systems of the body, including the skin. These cutaneous symptoms can sometimes be the presenting symptoms or can even be pathognomonic of the underlying endocrine condition. Aims and objectives is to assess the various cutaneous manifestations of endocrine disorders and to help in early diagnosis of the underlying endocrine disorders so as to prevent morbidity. Material and Methods: A retrospective and cross-sectional study was carried out on 200 patients with endocrine disorders with mucocutaneous lesions who were receiving treatment at a tertiary care hospital. After receiving informed consent, a thorough history of the onset, progression, and triggering causes for the mucocutaneous lesions was recorded, along with the relevant laboratory tests. Results: Overall, most common age group affected was 31-40 years (31%). Female:male ratio was 1.7:1. Most common endocrine entity encountered in our study was diabetes mellitus(DM)(60%) followed by thyroid disorder (28%) and hyperandrogenism (11%). Most common dermatoses observed in DM were infections (51.4%) {fungal (28.6%), bacterial (17.8%), viral (5%)}. Among thyroid disorders 48 patients had hypothyroidism and 8 patients had hyperthyroidism. In hypothyroidism, commonest cutaneous manifestation was diffuse hair fall (70.8%). In hyperthyroidism, diffuse hair loss and pruritus were most common in (37.5%) patients each. Androgen excess in total 22 patients, in which 10 patients of acne vulgaris, 7 patients of hirsutism and 5 patients of PCOS. Conclusion: Cutaneous alterations might represent internal metabolic changes, therapeutic status or treatment-related side effects. Knowledge of the related skin lesions aids in the early detection of underlying endocrine abnormalities and hence timely treatment for the prevention of complications.[Chaudhary D Natl J Integr Res Med, 2023; 14(2):01-07, Published on Dated: 15/03/2023]