Diagnostic Utility Of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology In Thyroid Lesions

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) cited as an inexpensive and highly accurate means in diagnosing neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of the thyroid. It is safe, quick, and cost effective outpatient department (OPD) procedure. Aim: The current study was done to evaluate the diagnostic utility of FNAC in thyroid lesions and to calculate sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC in the diagnosis of thyroid lesions. Materials And Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, BPSGMC(W),Khanpur Kalan,Sonipat over a period of 1 year. A total of 278 cases of thyroid swelling were studied in whom FNAC of thyroid was done and diagnosis was given on conventional cytology.It was further categorized according to the Bethesda System. Cytological diagnosis was compared with the histopathology wherever available. Result: Statistical analysis of the data showed the diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology to be 92.2%. Fine needle aspiration cytology showed a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 100%.On conventional cytology, the commonest lesion in the thyroid gland was colloid goiter 124(44.6%). Fine needle aspiration cytology results revealed Category II 172 (61.86%), Category IV 30 (10.8%), Category VI 20 (7.19%) , Category V 9 (3.27%) , Category III 4 (1.43%) Category I 43 (15.45%) in thyroid lesions according to the Bethesda System. Conclusion: FNAC may be considered as a significant tool in the diagnosis of patients with thyroid lesions. [Goel S Natl J Integr Res Med, 2020; 11(1):3-10]