Placental Morphometry in Relation to Birth Weight of Full Term Newborn Babies.
Placenta in relation to birth weight of newborn babies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70284/njirm.v3i1.1970Keywords:
Feto-placental weight ratio, Low birth weight, Morphology, PlacentaAbstract
Background: In obstetrics the relationship of birth weight and the perinatal outcome has long been appreciated, however an often neglected parameter is the placental changes. Placenta is a vital organ for maintaining pregnancy and promoting normal foetal development. Foetal outcome is adversely influenced by pathological changes observed in placenta. Objectives: To assess the morphology of placenta in normal and low birth weight babies. To correlate the morphometric analysis with birth weight between the two groups. Study design: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Study setting: Department of Anatomy, Chalmeda Anandrao Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar, Andhra Pradesh from January to June 2011. Methods: Total 374 human placentae from uncomplicated pregnancies were studied for the morphology and compared between low birth weight babies and normal weight babies. Results: The morphometric parameters of placenta like, weight, volume were significantly lower in low birth weight group compared to normal group. Placental weight and placental volume had significant correlation with the birth weight of new born. Conclusion: The placental weight increased according to the birth weight. Placental parameters and its ratio to birth weight were significantly associated with some adverse pregnancy outcomes.
References
2. Roberts JM, Cooper DW. Preeclampsia trio. Pathogenesis and genetics of preeclampsia. The Lancet 2001; 357: 53-6.
3. Teasdale F. Gestational changes in the functional structure of the human placenta in relation to fetal growth: a morphometric study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1980; 137: 560-3.
4. Kouvalainen K, Pynnonen Al, Makarainen M, Peltonen T. Weights of placental membranes and umbilical cord. Duodecim. 1971; 87:1210-14.
5. Virupaxi RD, Potturi BR, Shirol VS, Desai SP, Hukkeri VB. Morphology of Placenta and its Relation with Small for Date Babies in 950 Live Births. Rec Res Sci Tech 2011, 3:123-126.
6. Das B, Dutta D, Chakraborthy S, Nath P. Placental morphology in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and its correlation with fetal outcome. J Obstet Gynecol India 1996; 46 (1): 40-46.
7. Udainia A, Jain ML. Morphological study of placenta in pregnancy induced hypertension with its clinical relevance. J. Anat. Soc. India 2001; 50 (1) 24-27.
8. Younoszai MK, Howarth JC. Placental dimensions and relations in preterm, term and growth retarded infants. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1969; 103: 265-71.
9. Jaya DS, Kumar NS, Bai LS. Anthropometric indices, cord length and placental weight in newborns. Indian Pediatr. 1995; 32(11):1183-8.
10. Perry IJ, Beevers DG, Whincup PH, Bareford D. Predictor of ratio of placental weight to fetal weight in multiethnic community. BMJ 1995; 310: 436-39.
11. Wolf, Oosting H, Trefferspe. A longitudinal study of the relationship between placentalfetal growth measured by ultrasonography. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1989; 161: 1140-5.
12. Seth A, Tyagi S, Rath G, Gurg K. Intra-uterine growth retarded placenta a morphological study. J Anat Soc India 1992; 120: 49-52.
13. Thame M, Osmond C, Wilks R, Bennet FI. Second trimester placental volume and infant size at birth. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001; 98: 279-83.
14. Clappe JH, Rizk KH. Appleby-Wineberg SK, Grass JR. Second trimester placental volume predicts birth weight at term. J Soc Gynecol Investig 1995; 2:19-22.
15. Kinare AS, Natekar AS, Chinchwadkar MC, Yajnik CS, Coyaji KJ, Fall CH,Howe DT. Low midpregnancy placental volume in rural Indian women: A cause for low birth weight? Am J Obstet Gynecol2000 Feb;182(2):443-8.
16. Bjoro K. Vascular anamolies of the umbilical cord. J Early Human Develop 1981; 8: 119-27.
17. Laurini R, Laurin J, Marskar K. Placenta in Pre-eclamptic toxemia. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1994; 73: 529-34.
18. Little RE, Zadorozhnaja TD, Hulchiy OP, Mendel NA, Shkyryak-Nyzhnyk ZA, Chyslovska N, et al. Placental weight and its ratio to birthweight in a Ukrainian city. Early Hum Dev 2003; 71: 117-27.
19. Bonds DR, Gabbe SG, Kumar S, Taylor T. Fetal weight/placental weight ratio and perinatal outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1984; 149: 195-200.
20. Lurie S, Feinstein M, Mamet Y, Human fetal-placental weight ratio in normal singleton near-term pregnancies, Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1999; 48:155-7.
21. Heinonen S, Taiplae P, Saarikoski S, Weights of placentae from small-for-gestational age infants revisited, Placenta 2001; 22:399-404.
