A Comparative Study of Clinical Profile and Severity of Vivax and Falciparum Malaria Cases In A Tertiary Care Hospital on Western Coast of India
A Comparative Study of Clinical Profile and Severity of Vivax and Falciparum Malaria Cases
Keywords:
Vivax malaria, severity, complicationsAbstract
Objectives: To assess clinical profile of malaria cases and compare the severity of vivax and falciparum cases admitted to our hospital. Methods: This was an observational study. All patients diagnosed as malaria were included and exposed to all routine investigations. Data was analysed to assess severity of vivax cases and compare it with that of falciparum cases. Result: Vivax patients had similar degree of thrombocytopenia as that of falciparum. Risk of developing severe manifestations like breathlessness, convulsion and jaundice were also similar in the two groups. Almost all complications seen in falciparum were also seen in vivax positive cases. Conclusion: Vivax cases develop all complications thought to be limited to falciparum. Increasing reports of severe complications in vivax demand revision of treatment strategy of vivax to detect severe cases earlier and treat aggressively. [Mitali R NJIRM 2017; 8(3):105-110]
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32. Rodriguez-Morales AJ , Benitez JA , Arria M , 2008 . Malaria mortality in Venezuela: focus on deaths due to Plasmodium vivax in children . J Trop Pediatr 54: 94 – 101.33. Price RN, von Seidlein L, Valecha N, Nosten F, Baird JK, White NJ. Global extent of chloroquine resistant Plasmodium vivax: a systematic review and metaanalysis; Lancet Infectious Diseases 2014; 14(10): 982991.
34. Fajardo LF, Tallent C. Malarial parasites within human platelets. JAMA. 1974;229:1205–7.
35. Looaresuwan S, Davis JG, Allen DL, et al. Thrombocytopenia in malaria. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1992;23:44–50.
36. Yamaguchi S, Kubota T, Yamagishi T, et al. Severe thrombocytopenia suggesting immunological mechanism in two cases of vivax malaria. Am J Hematol. 1997;56:183–6.
37. Ali Bin Sarwar Zubairi, Sobia Nizami, Severe Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Pakistan, Emerging Infectious Diseases .2013; 19(11). www.cdc.gov/eid.
38. Kochar DK, Das A, Kochar SK, Saxena V, Sirohi P, Garg S, et al. Severe Plasmodium vivax malaria: a report on serial cases from Bikaner in northwestern India. Am J Trop Med Hyg.2009;80:194–8.
39. Anstey NM, Handojo T, Pain MC, et al. Lung injury in vivax malaria: pathophysiological evidence for pulmonary vascular sequestration and posttreatment alveolar-capillary inflammation. J Infect Dis. 2007.
40. Charulata S limaye. The study of complications of vivax malaria with falciparum malaria in Mumbai. JAPI 2012; 60.
2. Dhingra N, Jha P, Sharma VP, et al. Adult and child malaria mortality in India: a nationally representative mortality survey. Lancet. 2010;376:1768–74.
3. WHO country profile of malaria/india ; www.who.int/malaria
4. Guerra CA, Howes RE, Patil AP et al. The international limits and population at risk of Plasmodium vivax transmission in 2009. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2010;4:e774.5. Carter R, Mendis KN. Evolutionary and historical aspects of the burden of malaria. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2002;15:564–594.
6. Galinski MR, Barnwell JW. Plasmodium vivax: who cares? Malar J. 2008;7(Suppl 1):S9.
7. Price RN, Tjitra E, Guerra CA et al. Vivax malaria: neglected and not benign. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007;77:79–87.
8. Guerra CA, Snow RW, Hay SI. Mapping the global extent of malaria in 2005. Trends Parasitol. 2006;22:353–358.
9. McKenzie FE, Jeffery GM, Collins WE. Plasmodium vivax blood-stage dynamics. J Parasitol. 2002;88:521–535.
10. Kochar DK, Das A, Kochar SK, Saxena V, Sirohi P, Garg S, Kochar A, Khatri MP, Gupta V. Severe Plasmodium vivax malaria: a report on serial cases from Bikaner in Northwestern India. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2009;80:194–198.
11. Beg MA, Sani N, Mehraj V et al. Comparative features and outcomes of malaria at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Int J Infect Dis. 2008;12:37–42.
12. Genton B, D'Acremont V, Rare L et al. Plasmodium vivax and mixed infections are associated with severe malaria in children: a prospective cohort study from Papua New Guinea. PLoS Med. 2008;5:e127.
13. Barcus MJ, Basri H, Picarima H et al. Demographic risk factors for severe and fatal vivax and falciparum malaria among hospital admissions in Northeastern Indonesian Papua. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007;77:984–991.
14. Tjitra E, Anstey NM, Sugiarto P et al. Multidrug-resistant Plasmodium vivax associated with severe and fatal malaria: a prospective study in Papua, Indonesia. PLoS Med. 2008;5:e128.
15. Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Benitez JA, Arria M. Malaria mortality in Venezuela: focus on deaths due to Plasmodium vivax in children. J Trop Pediatr. 2008;54:94–101.
16. Price RN, Douglas NM, Anstey NM. New developments in Plasmodium vivax malaria: severe disease and the rise of chloroquine resistance. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2009;22:430–435.
17. Baird JK. Severe and fatal vivax malaria challenges 'benign tertian malaria' dogma. Ann Trop Paediatr. 2009;29:251–252.
18. Anstey NM, Russell B, Yeo TW, Price RN. The pathophysiology of vivax malaria. Trends Parasitol. 2009;25:220–227.
19. Tan LKK, Yacoub S, Scott S et al. Acute lung injury and other serious complications of Plasmodium vivax malaria. Lancet Infect Dis. 2008;8:449–454.
20. World Health Organization. Guidelines for the treatment of malaria, 2nd ed. Geneva: The Organization; 2010.
21. .Kochar DK, Tanwar GS, Khatri PC, et al. Clinical features of children hospitalized with malaria—a study from Bikaner, northwest India. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010;83:981–9.
22. Tripathy R , Parida S , Das L et al. Clinical manifestations and predictors of severe malaria in Indian children . Pediatrics. 2007; 120: e454 – e460
23. Genton B , Acremont VD , Rare L et al. Plasmodium vivax and mixed infections are associated with severe malaria in children: a prospective cohort study from Papua New Guinea.2008; PLoS Med 5: e127
24. Rodriguez-Morales AJ , Benitez JA , Arria M , 2008 . Malaria mortality in Venezuela: focus on deaths due to Plasmodium vivax in children . J Trop Pediatr 54: 94 – 101
25. Saharan S , Kohli U , Lodha R , Sharma A , Bagga A , 2009 . Thrombotic microangiopathy associated with Plasmodium vivax malaria . J Pediatric Nephrology 24: 623 – 624 .
26. Anstey NM, Handojo T, Pain MC, et al. Lung injury in vivax malaria: pathophysiological evidence for pulmonary vascular sequestration and posttreatment alveolar-capillary inflammation. J Infect Dis. 2007;195:589–96.
27. Prakash J, Singh AK, Kumar NS, Saxena RK. Acute renal failure in plasmodium vivax Malaria. J Assoc Phys India. 2003;51:265–7.
28. Parakh A, Agarwal N, Aggarwal A, et al. Pv malaria: uncommon manifestations. Ann Trop Pediatr. 2009;29:253–6.
29. RodrÃguez-Morales AJ, Sánchez E, Vargas M, et al. Anemia and thrombocytopenia in children with plasmodium vivax malaria. J Trop Pediatr. 2005;52:49–51.
30. Dinesh Yadav. "Benign Tertian Malaria: How Benign Is It Today?"The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 06/25/2011
31. Baird JK. Neglect of Plasmodium vivax malaria. Trends Parasitol 2007; 23: 533–39.
32. Rodriguez-Morales AJ , Benitez JA , Arria M , 2008 . Malaria mortality in Venezuela: focus on deaths due to Plasmodium vivax in children . J Trop Pediatr 54: 94 – 101.33. Price RN, von Seidlein L, Valecha N, Nosten F, Baird JK, White NJ. Global extent of chloroquine resistant Plasmodium vivax: a systematic review and metaanalysis; Lancet Infectious Diseases 2014; 14(10): 982991.
34. Fajardo LF, Tallent C. Malarial parasites within human platelets. JAMA. 1974;229:1205–7.
35. Looaresuwan S, Davis JG, Allen DL, et al. Thrombocytopenia in malaria. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1992;23:44–50.
36. Yamaguchi S, Kubota T, Yamagishi T, et al. Severe thrombocytopenia suggesting immunological mechanism in two cases of vivax malaria. Am J Hematol. 1997;56:183–6.
37. Ali Bin Sarwar Zubairi, Sobia Nizami, Severe Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Pakistan, Emerging Infectious Diseases .2013; 19(11). www.cdc.gov/eid.
38. Kochar DK, Das A, Kochar SK, Saxena V, Sirohi P, Garg S, et al. Severe Plasmodium vivax malaria: a report on serial cases from Bikaner in northwestern India. Am J Trop Med Hyg.2009;80:194–8.
39. Anstey NM, Handojo T, Pain MC, et al. Lung injury in vivax malaria: pathophysiological evidence for pulmonary vascular sequestration and posttreatment alveolar-capillary inflammation. J Infect Dis. 2007.
40. Charulata S limaye. The study of complications of vivax malaria with falciparum malaria in Mumbai. JAPI 2012; 60.
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Published
2018-02-04
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Rathod, M., & Muley, A. (2018). A Comparative Study of Clinical Profile and Severity of Vivax and Falciparum Malaria Cases In A Tertiary Care Hospital on Western Coast of India: A Comparative Study of Clinical Profile and Severity of Vivax and Falciparum Malaria Cases. National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine, 8(3), 105–110. Retrieved from http://nicpd.ac.in/ojs-/index.php/njirm/article/view/1257
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