Prevalence, SeroconversionAnd Risk Factors Of Hepatitis B And C Infection In Haemodialysis Patients At District Hospital Of Mehsana
Seroconversion of Hepatitis B and C infection in haemodialysis patients
Keywords:
Haemodialysis, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Incidence, Nosocomial infectionAbstract
Background& Objective: Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C are significant problems in the management of haemodialysis patients.We aimed to investigate the incidence and prevalence of HBV and HCV infection in the hemodialysis patients as well as risk factors for infection.Methodology:All adult patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (n=150) in District hospital, Mehsana were studied between June 2014 to October 2015. Testing for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV antibodies was performed at initiation of dialysis and every 3 monthly thereafter. Patients who were sero-negative for HBV and HCV were followed up for 1 year to detect sero-conversions.Results: The prevalence and seroconversion rates were 11.33% and 4.66% in HBV patients and 14% and 6% in HCV patients respectively. There was a significant correlation of the prevalence and seroconversion of HCV and HBV with number of blood transfusion and duration of heamodialysis.Conclusion:Patients on maintenance hemodialysis have a high incidence and prevalence of HCV infection and lower rates of HBV infection in this study. The factors associated with HBV and HCV infection are highly suggestive of nosocomial transmission withinhemodialysis units. Strict infection control measures are required.[Patel K NJIRM 2015; 6(6):19-23]
References
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23. Alfurayh O, Sobh M, Buali A, Ali MA, Barri Y, Qunibi W, et al. Hepatitis C virus infection in chronic hemodialysis patients: A Clinicopathologicalstudy.Nephrol Dialysis Transplant 1992; 7: 327. gMuller GY, Zabaleta ME, Arminio A, Colmenares CJ, Capriles FI, Bianco NE, Machado IV.Risk factors for dialysis-associated hepatitis C in Venezuela. Kidney Int. 1992 Apr; 41(4):1055-8.
24. Ayoola EA, Huraib S, Arif M, al-FalehFZ, al-Rashed R, Ramia S, al-Mofleh IA, Abu-Aisha H. Prevalence and significance of antibodies to hepatitis C virus among Saudi haemodialysis patients. J Med Virol. 1991 Nov; 35(3):155-9.
25. Hardy NM, Sandroni S, Danielson S, Wilson WJ. Antibody to hepatitis C virus increases with time on hemodialysis. Clin Nephrol. 1992 Jul; 38(1):44-8
26. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kilpatrick RD, McAllister CJ, Miller LG, Daar ES, GjertsonDW, Kopple JD, Greenland S: Hepatitis C virus and death risk in hemodialysis patients. J Am SocNephrol 18: 1584–1593, 2007.
27. AlterMJ, Kruszon-Moran D, NainanOV, McQuillan GM, Gao F, Moyer LA, Kaslow RA, Margolis HS. The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States.NEngl J Med.1999;341(8):556-62.
28. Al Traif, Huraib S, Abdullah A etal.AntiHCV positive hemodialysispatients:clinical,biochemical,histological and virologic study and a proposedmanagement scheme. Annals of Saudi medicine.2000;20(3)
29. Silini E, Bono F, Cerino A, Piazza V,Solcia E, Mondelli MU. Virological features of hepatitis C virus infection in heamodialysis patients. J Clin Microbiology.1993;31(11):2913-7
30. DuBios DB, Gretch D, Dela Rosa C,LeeW,FineJ,BlaggCR,CoreyL. Quantitation of heapatitisCviral RNA in sera of hemodialysispatients: Gender related differences
2. Fabrizi F, Messa PG, Lunghi G, Aucella F, Bisegna S, Mangano S, Villa M, Barbisoni F, Rusconi E, Martin P. Occult hepatitis B virus infection in dialysis patients: a multicentre survey. Aliment PharmacolTher. 2005;21(11):1341–7.
3. Reddy GA, Dakshinamurthy KV, Neelaprasad P, Gangadhar T, Lakshmi V. Prevalence of HBV and HCV dual infection in patients on haemodialysis. Indian J Med Microbiol. 2005;23(1):41–3.
4. Wong PN, Fung TT, Mak SK, Lo KY, Tong GM, Wong Y, Loo CK, Lam EK, Wong AK. Hepatitis B virus infection in dialysis patients. J Gastroenterol Hepatol.2005;20(11):1641–51.
5. Fabrizi F, PoordadFF, Martin P: Hepatitis C infection and the patient with end-stage renal disease.Hepatology 2002, 36(1):3-10.
6. Fabrizi F, Lunghi G, Martin P: Hepatitis B virus infection in hemodialysis: recent discoveries.JNephrol 2002, 15(5):463-468
7. Mohamed WZ: Prevention of hepatitis C virus in hemodialysis patients: five years experience from a single center.Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2010, 21(3):548-554
8. Patel PR, Thompson ND, KallenAJ, ArduinoMJ: Epidemiology, surveillance, and prevention of hepatitis C virus infections inhemodialysis patients.Am J Kidney Dis 2010, 56(2):371-378
9. Saune K, Kamar N, Miedouge M, Weclawiak H, Dubois M, Izopet J, Rostaing L: Decreased prevalence and incidence of HCV markers in haemodialysis units: a multicentric French survey.Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010, 26(7):2309-2316
10. Ozer A, Yakupogullari Y, Beytur A, Beytur L, Koroglu M, Salman F, Aydogan F: Risk factors of hepatitis B virus infection in turkey: a population-based, case–control study: risk factors for HBV infection.Hepat Mon 2011, 11(4):263-268
11. Taal MW, van Zyl-Smit R: Hepatitis C virus infection in chronic haemodialysis patients–relationship to blood transfusions and dialyser re-use.SAfr Med J 2000, 90(6):621-625
12. Knudsen F, Wantzin P, Rasmussen K, Ladefoged SD, Lokkegaard N, Rasmussen LS, Lassen A, Krogsgaard K: Hepatitis C in dialysis patients: relationship to blood transfusions, dialysis and liver disease.KidneyInt 1993, 43(6):1353-1356.
13. Allander T, Medin C, Jacobson SH, Grillner L, Persson MA: Hepatitis C transmission in a hemodialysis unit: molecular evidence for spread of virus among patients not sharing equipment.JMVirol 1994, 43(4):415-419
14. Le Pogam S, Le Chapois D, Christen R, Dubois F, Barin F, GoudeauA: Hepatitis C in a hemodialysis unit: molecular evidence for nosocomial transmission.JClinMicrobiol 1998, 36(10):3040-3043
15. Agarwal SK, ash S, Irshad M. Hepatitis C cirus infection during hemodialysis in India. J Assoc. Physic India. 1999,47:1139-43.
16. Surendra Kumar P, Venu G, MadhusudhanaRao A et al. Prevalence andrisk factors of hepatitis C among maintenance hemodialysis patients at a tertiary care hospital in Coimbatore, India. Journal Of Clinical and Diagnostic Resarch 2011; 5 (4): 725-728.
17. Chawla NS, Sajiv CT, Pawar G, Pawar G. Hepatitis B and C Virus infections associated with renal replacement therapy in patients with end stage renal disease in a tertiary care hospital in India – prevalence, risk factors and outcome.Indian J Nephrol.2005; 15: 205–213.
18. Bhaumik P, Debnath K. Prevalence of hepatitis B and C amonghaemodialysis patients of Tripura, India. Euroasian Journal ofHepato-Gastroenterology 2012; 2 (1): 10–13
19. Mittal G, Gupta P, Thakuria P et al. Profile of Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C Virus, Hepatitis D Virus and HIV Infections in HemodialysisPatients of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Uttarakhand. J ClinExpHepatol 2013; 3: 24–28. 20. VikasMakkar,DineshGupta,KanishBansal,N.S.Khaira Prevalence, seroconversion and risk factors of hepatitis B and C infection in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Journal of evolution of medical and dental sciences.2014;3(50):11790-11798.
21. Dentico P, Buogiorno R; Volpe A. Prevalence and incidence of hepatitisC virus (HCV) in hemodialysis patients: study of risk factors. ClinNephrol 1992; 38: 49-52.
22. Saab S, Martion P, Brezina M, Gitrich G et al. Serum alanine aminotransferase in hepatitis C screening of the patients onhemodialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 2001; 37: 308-15.
23. Alfurayh O, Sobh M, Buali A, Ali MA, Barri Y, Qunibi W, et al. Hepatitis C virus infection in chronic hemodialysis patients: A Clinicopathologicalstudy.Nephrol Dialysis Transplant 1992; 7: 327. gMuller GY, Zabaleta ME, Arminio A, Colmenares CJ, Capriles FI, Bianco NE, Machado IV.Risk factors for dialysis-associated hepatitis C in Venezuela. Kidney Int. 1992 Apr; 41(4):1055-8.
24. Ayoola EA, Huraib S, Arif M, al-FalehFZ, al-Rashed R, Ramia S, al-Mofleh IA, Abu-Aisha H. Prevalence and significance of antibodies to hepatitis C virus among Saudi haemodialysis patients. J Med Virol. 1991 Nov; 35(3):155-9.
25. Hardy NM, Sandroni S, Danielson S, Wilson WJ. Antibody to hepatitis C virus increases with time on hemodialysis. Clin Nephrol. 1992 Jul; 38(1):44-8
26. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kilpatrick RD, McAllister CJ, Miller LG, Daar ES, GjertsonDW, Kopple JD, Greenland S: Hepatitis C virus and death risk in hemodialysis patients. J Am SocNephrol 18: 1584–1593, 2007.
27. AlterMJ, Kruszon-Moran D, NainanOV, McQuillan GM, Gao F, Moyer LA, Kaslow RA, Margolis HS. The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States.NEngl J Med.1999;341(8):556-62.
28. Al Traif, Huraib S, Abdullah A etal.AntiHCV positive hemodialysispatients:clinical,biochemical,histological and virologic study and a proposedmanagement scheme. Annals of Saudi medicine.2000;20(3)
29. Silini E, Bono F, Cerino A, Piazza V,Solcia E, Mondelli MU. Virological features of hepatitis C virus infection in heamodialysis patients. J Clin Microbiology.1993;31(11):2913-7
30. DuBios DB, Gretch D, Dela Rosa C,LeeW,FineJ,BlaggCR,CoreyL. Quantitation of heapatitisCviral RNA in sera of hemodialysispatients: Gender related differences
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Published
2018-01-15
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Patel, K., & Shrimali, G. (2018). Prevalence, SeroconversionAnd Risk Factors Of Hepatitis B And C Infection In Haemodialysis Patients At District Hospital Of Mehsana: Seroconversion of Hepatitis B and C infection in haemodialysis patients. National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine, 6(6), 19–23. Retrieved from http://nicpd.ac.in/ojs-/index.php/njirm/article/view/1009
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