Sleep Disorders as a contributor to Cardiovascular Risk: A short review focused on Africa

Abstract

Background

There is a bidirectional association between cardiovascular disease and sleep disorders involving neurohormonal,

inflammatory, metabolic, and autonomic dysfunction mechanisms. Sleep disorders are primarily associated with

cardiovascular and metabolic complications, and it is crucial to carry out more research and introduce targeted

interventions. Purpose of the review: This review addresses sleep disorders in children, pathophysiological

pathways linking sleep disturbances to cardiovascular risk, challenges, and potential intervention strategies which

can be implemented within the African context.

Key Findings

Several key sleep disorders associated with cardiovascular health have been identified in Africa, including

Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Insomnia, Restless Legs Syndrome, and Sleep-Disordered Breathing. The impact of sleep

disorders on children's cardiovascular risk is still identified as an issue yet to be exhaustively studied in Africa. Sleep

health was reported to be an overlooked component in terms of the prevention of CVD in children, particularly in

Africa, where the prevalence of non-communicable diseases is rising.

Conclusion

Some of the challenges identified regarding this overlook include poor awareness, inadequate health infrastructure,

beliefs, and an absence of region-specific data.